The Associations of Epicardial Adipose Tissue With Coronary Artery Disease and Coronary Atherosclerosis

Kim, Se‐Hong; Chung, Joonho; Kwon, Beom-June; Song, Sang‐Wook; Choi, Whan-Seok

doi:10.1536/ihj.13-303

Cited by 37 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…46) These findings are compatible with those of another recent study showing a significant association between the EAT volume and the severity of coronary artery disease. 47) There are currently no simple, reliable blood assays for detecting such changes; we anticipate significant progress in this area.…”

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confidence: 99%

Inflammatory Biomarkers and Atherosclerosis

2016

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SummaryAtherosclerosis has been regarded as a form of chronic vascular inflammation. Numerous biomarkers associated with inflammation have been identified as novel targets to monitor atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk. C-reactive protein (CRP) is one of the most actively studied and established inflammatory biomarkers for cardiovascular events. However, CRP response is triggered by many disorders unrelated to cardiovascular disease, which interferes with the clinical application. This review describes established and traditional inflammatory biomarkers including CRP as well as novel inflammatory biomarkers reflective of local atherosclerotic inflammation. In addition, we focus on the potential usefulness of inflammatory biomarkers in developing anti-atherosclerotic therapeutic approaches. (Int Heart J 2016; 57: 134-139)

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confidence: 99%

Inflammatory Biomarkers and Atherosclerosis

2016

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“…Several studies have separately reported that the BMI cutoff point for obesity for Asian populations was pegged between 23 and 27 kg/ m 2 . [24][25][26][27] In our study, a BMI of > 27 kg/m 2 was defined as obesity based on these studies. 24) Study limitations: This study had some potential limitations.…”

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confidence: 99%

Obesity Is Associated With the Development of Interstitial Pneumonia Under Long-Term Administration of Amiodarone in Refractory Atrial Fibrillation Patients

et al. 2016

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SummaryAlthough oral amiodarone (AMD) has been used for the management of atrial fibrillation (AF), serious complications such as interstitial pneumonia (IP) occur very occasionally. We evaluated which factors were associated with the development of IP under the long-term administration of AMD in patients with refractory AF. This study included 122 consecutive patients (65.8 ± 11.4 years, mean body mass index [BMI] of 23.2 ± 4.3 kg/m 2 ) who orally received AMD to inhibit AF between January 2004 and December 2013. Administration of AMD was begun at 400 mg daily as a loading dose, and was continued at a dosage of 50-400 mg daily after the initial loading phase, determined by the control of the arrhythmias and occurrence of side-effects. The clinical factors were compared between the patients with and without adverse effects, especially IP.During an average follow-up period of 49.2 ± 28.2 months, 53 patients (43.4%) were determined to have converted and maintained sinus rhythm. In contrast, adverse effects were detected in 46 patients (37.7%) with AMD. IP occurred in 8 patients (6.6%), thyrotoxicosis in 35 (28.7%), and others in 5 (4.1%). Four (50.0%) out of 8 patients complicated with IP had obesity (BMI > 27 kg/m 2 ). Among the clinical factors, only obesity was significantly associated with the development of IP (P = 0.026).In patients with refractory AF, AMD had an antiarrhythmic effect with long-term administration, but greater adverse effects were also observed. Obesity was the most significant factor associated with the development of IP. ( Further, AMD has many pharmacological effects in addition to its potassium channel blocker effect, such as calcium channel blocker, sodium channel blocker, and sympathetic inhibitory actions. It also has a high distribution in fatty tissue and a long half-life. Mono-desethylamiodarone, a metabolite of AMD (M-AMD), also possesses pharmacological activity equivalent to that of AMD. Oral AMD is effective for refractory atrial fibrillation (AF).1-5) Although serious lung injury such as interstitial pneumonia (IP) occasionally occurs (10%), the mortality rate is 2%. 2,6) In recent years, the administration of AMD has increased in AF patients, and serious complications such as interstitial pneumonia (IP) occasionally occur. Therefore, we evaluated which factors were associated with the development of IP under long-term administration of AMD in patients with refractory AF. MethodsStudy population: Among 294 consecutive patients who were orally administered AMD between January 2004 and December 2013 at our institute, 122 (41.5%) with AF were included in this retrospectively study. The patients had either a paroxysmal or persistent pattern of AF. The clinical characteristics of the patients are outlined in Table I. AF therapy and amiodarone: After defining the anticoagulation therapy, a rate control or rhythm control strategy was chosen as the AF management. The clinical decision to use a rhythm or rate control strategy needed to consider several factors, including the degree of ...

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“…Many studies showed that EAT was associated with the extent and severity of CAD [6,7]. EAT has also been related to the presence of more vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques, detected using intravascular ultrasound [8].…”

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confidence: 99%