The association of smoking with ultrasound-measured kidney dimensions

Farhat, Ahmed; Jones, Ian A.; Saadat, Soheil; Dornhofer, Kyle; Kong, Christina S.; Nguyen, Thalia; Lahham, Shadi; Fox, J. Christian

doi:10.5414/cn109854

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…This association was independent of demographic characteristics (age, race, BMI, marital status), sleep quality of snoring or breathing cessation, and comorbidities (high blood pressure, high cholesterol, anemia, congestive heart failure, coronary heart disease, and stroke). This finding contradicts those of many studies that the risk of adverse kidney outcomes was incrementally higher as smoking pack–years increased ( 18 , 19 , 24 ). Even, we evaluated the eGFR of normal or abnormal serum cotinine groups, the average eGFR levels of the abnormal cotinine group were still slightly higher than the normal cotinine group.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 93%

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Sleeping, Smoking, and Kidney Diseases: Evidence From the NHANES 2017–2018

Wang

Liu

et al. 2021

Front. Med.

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Study Objectives: Smoking and sleep are modifiable factors associated with the chronic kidney diseases. However, the interaction of smoking and sleep on the renal function are still unclear. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the interactive impacts of smoking and sleep on the renal function.Methods: Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The study population were categorized into nine subgroups by smoking (smoking every day, sometimes, and non-smokers recently) and sleep duration (short duration ≤ 6 h, normal duration 6–9 h, and longer duration ≥ 9 h on the weekdays).Results: The study group with a short sleep duration had significantly higher serum cotinine and hydrocotinine levels compared with the other two sleep groups. After adjusting the demographic characteristics (age, race, body mass index, and marital status), sleep quality (snoring or breathing cessation), and comorbidities (diabetes mellitus, hypertension, high cholesterol, anemia, congestive heart failure, coronary heart disease, and stroke), non-smokers with short or long sleep duration had significant lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) levels than the study group who smoked every day and slept ≤ 6 h. The effects of sleep duration on eGFR levels varied with smoking status. For the study group smoking every day, eGFR levels increased as sleep duration decreased, whereas for the study group smoking sometimes, eGFR levels increased as sleep duration increased. The U-shaped effects of eGFR levels were observed among non-smokers whose normal sleep duration was associated with better eGFR levels. Normal sleep duration was an important protective factor of the renal function for non-smokers than smokers.Conclusions: The effects of sleep duration on eGFR levels varied with smoking status. Normal sleep duration was a protective factor and more crucial for non-smokers than for smokers.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 93%

“…Accumulating the clinical evidence suggests that cigarette smoking has a negative effect on the renal function, kidney dimensions ( 18 ), and CKD development of different etiologies, including DM, and hypertension ( 19 , 20 ). Cigarette smoking is one of the most important modifiable renal risk factors ( 21 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleeping, Smoking, and Kidney Diseases: Evidence From the NHANES 2017–2018

Wang

Liu

et al. 2021

Front. Med.

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“…Studies showed that the relationship between cigarette smoking and kidney impairment depends on the underlying kidney disease 6 . Numerous studies also indicate a relationship between smoking and kidney function [7][8][9][10][11] . The relative risk of developing gross proteinuria (>300 mg/day) during four years of observation was 2-2.5-fold higher in heavy smokers when compared to never smokers 12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active smoking in urban households: An association between urinary cotinine metabolite level and serum eGFR concentration

Kunno,

Luangwilai,

Pimviriyakul

et al. 2024

Tob. Induc. Dis.

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INTRODUCTION Smoking stands as a primary contributor to preventable deaths globally and is linked to an increased risk of developing kidney failure and other diseases. A few studies have focused on the negative correlation between serum cotinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), indicating decreased kidney function. This study investigated the associations between urinary cotinine metabolite concentration and serum eGFR among active smokers in urban households. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of active smokers in urban households' community Bangkok, Thailand from January to April 2023. The study involved 85 participants aged ≥18 years who were active smokers. Both urinary cotinine and serum eGFR concentrations were used as biomarkers. Independent sample t-tests were used to compare the urinary cotinine metabolite based on differences in the characteristic variable. We used multiple linear regression to test the association between cotinine metabolite and characteristics variables. Spearman's analysis was used to test the correlation between cotinine metabolite and eGFR concentration. RESULTS The association between urinary cotinine metabolite and serum eGFR concentration decreased with increasing cotinine concentrations (r= -0.223, p=0.041), suggesting a decline in kidney function. However, this study found no significant difference between urinary cotinine metabolite and characteristic variables (p>0.05). Additionally, those who smoked for ≥10 years (117.40 ± 89.80 ng/mL), smoked ≥10 cigarettes per day (117.40 ± 89.80 ng/mL) and used conventional cigarettes (124.53 ± 115.10 ng/mL). The results of the multiple linear regression models analysis indicated that those who were smokers for ≥10 years (β=0.076; 95% CI: -31.575-59.715) and those who were smoked ≥10 cigarettes/day (β=0.126; 95% CI: -65.636-18.150) were not associated with urinary cotinine metabolite level. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that the urinary cotinine metabolite level is associated with serum eGFR concentration among active smokers in urban households. The current study suggests that clinical identification and a prospective cohort study are needed before robust conclusions about how tobacco affects kidney efficiency.

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The association of smoking with ultrasound-measured kidney dimensions

Cited by 2 publications

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Sleeping, Smoking, and Kidney Diseases: Evidence From the NHANES 2017–2018

Sleeping, Smoking, and Kidney Diseases: Evidence From the NHANES 2017–2018

Active smoking in urban households: An association between urinary cotinine metabolite level and serum eGFR concentration

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