The Association Between Smoking and Electronic Cigarette Use in a Cohort of Young People

East, Katherine; Hitchman, Sara C.; Bakolis, Ioannis; Williams, Sarah; Cheeseman, Hazel; Arnott, Deborah; McNeill, Ann

doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.11.301

Cited by 111 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(91 reference statements)

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“…Using parameters from the CASP tool for cohort studies, the included studies were generally of good quality ( Table 1) while risk of bias was mainly low ( Table 2). Over all of the eight included studies 20,[42][43][44][45][46][47][48] there were a total of 73076 adolescents aged 10-19 years ( Table 3). Five of the studies used a crosssectional survey design 20,45-48 while three [42][43][44] were longitudinal (prospective) designs and were able to be included in a meta-analysis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Smoking initiation does not mean regular use, however it can be taken as a potential starting point that could easily progress to regular use of a substance 49 . Three longitudinal studies [42][43][44] Almost half of those who had tried smoking had tried an e-cigarette. 42.8% of young people who had used e-cigarettes reported that they had never smoked tobacco.…”

Section: Smoking Initiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Baseline ever use of e-cigarettes was strongly associated with subsequent initiation of traditional cigarettes (OR=5.38, 95% Cl: 4.02-7.22) (Adjusted OR=4.06, 95% CI: 2.94-5.60). East et al 44 examined whether ever use of e-cigarettes by adolescents was associated with traditional cigarette initiation at follow-up. The odds of smoking initiation in ever users of e-cigarettes were significantly high (OR=12.31, 95% Cl: 5.06-29.94) (Adjusted OR=10.57, 95% CI: 3.33-33.50).…”

Section: Smoking Initiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four cross-sectional studies 20,[46][47][48] found that in adolescents who have ever used e-cigarettes, current regular smokers were more likely to use e-cigarettes than other groups such as light smokers or ex-smokers showing an association of use. Furthermore, in longitudinal studies East et al 44 found that there was as much of a significant likelihood for an adolescent smoker to initiate e-cigarrete use as an adolescent e-cigarette user to initiate traditional smoking (OR=3.54, 95% CI: 1.68-7.45). In addition, East et al 44 and Conner et al 43 found that there was an increase in use of one of either e-cigarettes or traditional cigarettes when the alternate product was initiated, although Conner et al 43 found this became non-significant when covariates (socioeconomic status, sex, age, family smoking, friends' smoking) were controlled for.…”

Section: Combined Use Of Electronic and Traditional Cigarettesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is adolescent e-cigarette use associated with smoking in the United Kingdom?: A systematic review with meta-analysis

Aladeokin

Haighton

2019

Tob. Prev. Cessation

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INTRODUCTION Though smoking is a public health problem the use of e-cigarettes has been associated with a reduction in smoking in developed countries. However, public health experts have raised concerns about the association of e-cigarette use with an increase in traditional cigarette smoking in adolescents. Reviewlevel evidence is generally supportive of this concern, but as it is mainly based on studies from the USA we investigated if e-cigarette use is associated with traditional cigarette smoking in adolescents (aged 10-19 years) in the UK. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of empirical studies. Databases (PubMed, Medline via ProQuest, CINAHL and SCOPUS) were searched between January 2005 and May 2018 using search terms based on the concepts: adolescents, traditional cigarette smoking, e-cigarettes, and UK. Using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of eight studies (involving 73076 adolescents) were included in this review. Three of the included studies were eligible to be combined in a meta-analysis. The CASP appraisal tool was used to assess study quality while risk of bias was assessed using ROBINS-I. RESULTS Studies included in the meta-analysis showed that adolescents who use e-cigarettes are up to six times more likely to smoke traditional cigarettes. Furthermore, results showed that traditional cigarette smoking can also precede e-cigarette use in adolescents and there was increased likelihood of an increase in initial product use (e-cigarette or traditional cigarette) when the alternate product was initiated. CONCLUSIONS Public health policy makers in the UK still need clear conclusions about the effects and safety of e-cigarettes. AFFILIATION

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Smoking Initiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Smoking Initiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Combined Use Of Electronic and Traditional Cigarettesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is adolescent e-cigarette use associated with smoking in the United Kingdom?: A systematic review with meta-analysis

Aladeokin

Haighton

2019

Tob. Prev. Cessation

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“…Evidence suggests that ENDS are being used in cessation attempts (Kalkhoran and Glantz 2016;Mantey et al 2017;Weaver et al 2018) as well as by people who choose to continue their nicotine habit either for potential / perceived health benefits (Spears et al 2018;Stokes et al 2018) or social acceptability (Berg et al 2014;Romijnders et al 2018) compared with tobacco smoking. Widespread availability of such devices, particularly with adolescent age ranges, sparks concern that ENDS may facilitate the development of nicotine dependence without any prior use of combustible tobacco products (Fulton et al 2018;Martinasek et al 2018) and may even increase the odds of later initiation of combustible tobacco use (East et al 2018;Loukas et al 2018;Primack et al 2018), a relationship that may be mediated by the nicotine content in the e-cigarettes (Goldenson et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Nicotine and THC Vapor Inhalation Administered by An Electronic Nicotine Delivery System (ENDS) in Male Rats

Javadi‐Paydar

Cole

Taffe

2018

Preprint

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Background: Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS, e-cigarettes) are increasingly used for the self-administration of nicotine by various human populations, including previously nonsmoking adolescents. Studies in preclinical models are necessary to evaluate health impacts of ENDS including the development of nicotine addiction, effects of ENDS vehicles, flavorants and co-administered psychoactive substances such as ∆ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). This study was conducted to validate a rat model useful for the study of nicotine effects delivered by inhalation of vapor created by ENDS.Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats (N=8) were prepared with radiotelemetry devices for the reporting of temperature and activity. Experiments subjected rats to inhalation of vapor generated by an electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) adapted for rodents. Inhalation conditions included vapor generated by the propylene glycol (PG) vehicle, Nicotine (1, 10, 30 mg/mL in the PG) and THC (12.5, 25 mg/mL). Results: Nicotine inhalation increased spontaneous locomotion and decreased body temperature of rats.Pretreatment with the nicotinic cholinergic receptor antagonist mecamylamine (2 mg/kg, i.p.) prevented stimulant effects of nicotine vapor inhalation and attenuated the hypothermic response. Combined inhalation of nicotine and THC resulted in apparently independent effects which were either additive (hypothermia) or opposed (activity). Conclusions:These studies provide evidence that ENDS delivery of nicotine via inhalation results in nicotine-typical effects on spontaneous locomotion and thermoregulation in male rats. Effects were blocked by a nicotinic antagonist, demonstrating mechanistic specificity. This system will therefore support additional studies of the contribution of atomizer/wick design, vehicle constituents and/or flavorants to the effects of nicotine administered by ENDS.

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Primary Care–Relevant Interventions for Tobacco and Nicotine Use Prevention and Cessation in Children and Adolescents

Selph

Patnode

Bailey

et al. 2020

JAMA

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IMPORTANCE Interventions to discourage the use of tobacco products (including electronic nicotine delivery systems or e-cigarettes) among children and adolescents may help decrease tobacco-related illness and injury.OBJECTIVE To update the 2013 review on primary care-relevant interventions for tobacco use prevention and cessation in children and adolescents to inform the US Preventive Services Task Force.

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The Association Between Smoking and Electronic Cigarette Use in a Cohort of Young People

Cited by 111 publications

References 37 publications

Is adolescent e-cigarette use associated with smoking in the United Kingdom?: A systematic review with meta-analysis

Is adolescent e-cigarette use associated with smoking in the United Kingdom?: A systematic review with meta-analysis

Effects of Nicotine and THC Vapor Inhalation Administered by An Electronic Nicotine Delivery System (ENDS) in Male Rats

Primary Care–Relevant Interventions for Tobacco and Nicotine Use Prevention and Cessation in Children and Adolescents

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