The association between recreational physical activity, sedentary time, and colorectal polyps in a population screened for colorectal cancer

Brenner, Darren R.; Shaw, Eileen; Yannitsos, Demetra; Warkentin, Matthew T.; Brockton, Nigel T.; McGregor, S. Elizabeth; Town, Susanna; Hilsden, Robert J.

doi:10.1016/j.canep.2017.12.017

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Consistent with these findings, weight loss associated with physical exercise has been found to reduce biomarkers of oxidative stress, such as oxidized low-density protein (LDL), in postmenopausal women [76]. Significant inverse association of physical activity and colon adenoma suggests the importance of its role in colon cancer prevention, particularly in males [77]. During adolescence, physical activity can reduce the risk of colorectal adenoma later in life [78].…”

Section: Modifiable Factorsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Molecular Aspects of Colorectal Adenomas: The Interplay among Microenvironment, Oxidative Stress, and Predisposition

Aceto

Catalano

Curia

2020

BioMed Research International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The development of colorectal cancer (CRC) is a multistep process initiated by a benign polyp that has the potential to evolve into in situ carcinoma through the interactions between environmental and genetic factors. CRC incidence rates are constantly increased for young adult patients presenting an advanced tumor stage. The majority of CRCs arise from colonic adenomas originating from aberrant cell proliferation of colon epithelium. Endoscopic polypectomy represents a tool for early detection and removal of polyps, although the occurrence of cancers after negative colonoscopy shows a significant incidence. It has long been recognized that the aberrant regulation of Wingless/It (Wnt)/β-Catenin signaling in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer is supported by its critical role in the differentiation of stem cells in intestinal crypts and in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis. For this review, we will focus on the development of adenomatous polyps through the interplay between renewal signaling in the colon epithelium and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The current knowledge of molecular pathology allows us to deepen the relationships between oxidative stress and other risk factors as lifestyle, microbiota, and predisposition. We underline that the chronic inflammation and ROS production in the colon epithelium can impair the Wnt/β-catenin and/or base excision repair (BER) pathways and predispose to polyp development. In fact, the coexistence of oxidative DNA damage and errors in DNA polymerase can foster C>T transitions in various types of cancer and adenomas, leading to a hypermutated phenotype of tumor cells. Moreover, the function of Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (APC) protein in regulating DNA repair is very important as therapeutic implication making DNA damaging chemotherapeutic agents more effective in CRC cells that tend to accumulate mutations. Additional studies will determine whether approaches based on Wnt inhibition would provide long-term therapeutic value in CRC, but it is clear that APC disruption plays a central role in driving and maintaining tumorigenesis.

show abstract

Section: Modifiable Factorsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Molecular Aspects of Colorectal Adenomas: The Interplay among Microenvironment, Oxidative Stress, and Predisposition

Aceto

Catalano

Curia

2020

BioMed Research International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Only three eligible studies were identified to assess the association between duration of SB in relation to occurrence of CN, and all were from North America. 36 54 72 Among them, one study reported overall SB, 36 while two studies used recreational SB 54 as the domain of SB. Regarding different types of CN, three articles 36 54 72 had data on ACN, while one article presented data on CN 54 (table 2).…”

Section: Results Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the second stage, we employed generalised least squares methods to perform a dose-response analysis among those selected studies having more than three categories with respect to the cumulative volume of PA, 46 quantified using metabolic equivalents per week (MET-hour/week). If several sets of PA classification were presented in one study, 36 direct MET-hour/week data were used. For studies that reported the cumulative volume in weekly hours (hour/week) with different activity intensities, we converted them into MET-hour/week using the following criteria: the weekly hours were multiplied by four METs for moderate activity, by eight METs for vigorous activity and by six METs for moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Physically active individuals have a 23% lower risk of any colorectal neoplasia and a 27% lower risk of advanced colorectal neoplasia than their non-active counterparts: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundFew studies have examined the associations between physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour (SB) and risk of colorectal neoplasia (CN).MethodsWe systematically searched Medline, Embase, PsyInfo, Cochrane and other sources from their inception to 30 September 2018 for cohort, case-control and cross-sectional studies that evaluated these associations in asymptomatic, average-risk subjects. Random-effect models were used to estimate relative risks (RRs) of any-type CN, advanced CN, and non-advanced CN, respectively, in individuals with the highest versus the lowest level of PA and SB. Dose-response analyses and subgroup analyses were conducted. The I2 statistic was used to examine heterogeneity among studies.ResultsWe identified 32 observational studies, including 17 cross-sectional studies, 10 case-control studies and five longitudinal studies. PA (highest vs lowest) was inversely associated with risk for any-type CN (n=23 studies) and advanced CN (n=15 studies), with a RR of 0.77 (95% CI=0.71 to 0.83, I2=57.5%) and 0.73 (95% CI=0.63 to 0.82, I2=45.5%), respectively. There was no association between PA and non-advanced CN (n=5 studies). There was an as association between PA and any-type CN in both sexes, and also for the distal colon. We found no dose–response relationship between PA and any-type or advanced CN. Based on three studies identified, SB time (longest vs shortest) was associated with an increased risk of advanced CN (RR=1.24, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.49, I2=14.4%). No publication bias was detected by Begg’s test.ConclusionWe report a 23% lower relative risk of any type of CN and a 27% lower risk of advanced CN in people with the highest level of PA compared with those in the lowest.

show abstract

“…Obesity and reduced physical activity are factors that increase the prevalence of polyps, as individuals with body mass index (BMI) > 25.0, exhibit a 1.412-fold increased prevalence compared to those with BMI < 23 [10]. For physical activity, it was reported that the incidence of colorectal polyps decreased by 10% in individuals who exercised for more than 3 h per week and increased by 19% in individuals who were sedentary for more than 70 h per week [11]. A meta-analysis reported a 16% relative risk reduction when high and low activities were compared [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Colorectal Polyps Based on Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Muscle Strength, Health Behavior, and Abdominal Obesity in Asymptomatic Elderly

Zhang

Kim

et al. 2021

Healthcare

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Colorectal polyps are precursor lesions of colorectal cancer and are known to be associated with obesity, low physical activity, and unhealthy behavior. This cross-sectional study analyzed the prevalence of colorectal polyps based on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), muscle strength, and health behavior in older adults. Participants were asymptomatic and included 1024 men and 472 women aged 65–80 years who visited the health care center. Colonoscopy was performed under conscious sedation, and cardiorespiratory fitness was measured as the maximum oxygen uptake using gas analysis. Muscle strength was determined using isokinetic equipment, and physical activity, alcohol consumption, and smoking status were investigated using questionnaires. Waist circumference was measured at the thickest part of the middle of the abdomen. Logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the prevalence of colorectal polyps using odds ratios (ORs) based on the variables. The incidence of colorectal polyps was 65.2% in men and 48.5% in women. The ORs of colorectal polyps for obesity were 1.151 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.010–2.291) and 1.178 (95% CI, 1.015–2.612) in men and women, respectively. The OR for colorectal polyps in male current smokers was 1.884. The ORs for low CRF were 1.985 and 1.841 in men and women, respectively, compared with high CRF. The prevalence of polyps increased with low muscle strength (men’s OR 1.343 women’s OR 1.440) and physical activity in both men (OR 1.693) and women (OR 1.861). In conclusion, lower CRF and muscle strength were associated with an increased prevalence of colorectal polyps in men and women. In both sexes, high waist circumference and low physical activity increased the prevalence of colorectal polyps.

show abstract

The association between recreational physical activity, sedentary time, and colorectal polyps in a population screened for colorectal cancer

Cited by 11 publications

References 37 publications

Molecular Aspects of Colorectal Adenomas: The Interplay among Microenvironment, Oxidative Stress, and Predisposition

Molecular Aspects of Colorectal Adenomas: The Interplay among Microenvironment, Oxidative Stress, and Predisposition

Physically active individuals have a 23% lower risk of any colorectal neoplasia and a 27% lower risk of advanced colorectal neoplasia than their non-active counterparts: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Prevalence of Colorectal Polyps Based on Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Muscle Strength, Health Behavior, and Abdominal Obesity in Asymptomatic Elderly

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About