The association between oral health status and respiratory pathogen colonization with pneumonia risk in institutionalized adults

Hong, Catherine; Aung, Maug; Kanagasabai, K; Lim, Chong Yah; Shen, Liang; Tan, Kai Soo

doi:10.1111/idh.12321

Cited by 35 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Oral health care is necessary for the treatment and prevention of repeated episodes of pneumonia in elderly patients [ 25 ]. Previous reports have shown that bacterial flora in the dorsum of the tongue affect the incidence of pneumonia in older people [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ]. Oral bacteria count is significantly associated with the onset of pneumonia [ 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Mucosal Brushing on the Serum Levels of C-Reactive Protein for Patients Hospitalized with Acute Symptoms

et al. 2020

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This study was based in a hospital setting. Patients with acute symptoms face a life-threatening crisis and often have systemic complications during the convalescence stage. During the acute stage, oral function does not work and oral hygiene status deteriorates. A gauze or sponge brush is generally used to wipe the oral cavity; however, this process does not clean the oral cavity enough. Effective oral care requires better methods. Patients participating in this study were all hospitalized by ambulance and with acute symptoms. During the convalescence stage, patients were assigned application of mucosal brushing or wiping by gauze or sponge brush by order of hospitalization. The effects were evaluated by the number of bacteria on the tongue surface, serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and body temperature. Changes in bacterial count, body temperature, and CRP were effectively reduced in the mucosal brushing group compared to the wiping by gauze or sponge brush group. Based on mixed effect modeling, the coefficient of mucosal brushing for CRP was −2.296 and for body temperature was −0.067 and statistically significant. This simple method can effectively prevent systemic complication of inpatients with deteriorated oral conditions. This method may also be effective for the elderly in nursing homes or perioperative oral-care management.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Mucosal Brushing on the Serum Levels of C-Reactive Protein for Patients Hospitalized with Acute Symptoms

et al. 2020

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“…Previous studies reported that, individual lifestyle and health status correlated with other respiratory infection [5][6][7][8]. Keeping mouth clean can reduce the risk of pneumonia [5,7]. People who drink tea regularly have some resistance to the flu virus [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of individual lifestyle and status on the acquisition of COVID-19: A case—Control study

Gao

Zhao

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread to the world. Whether there is an association between lifestyle behaviors and the acquisition of COVID-19 remains unclear. Methods In this case-control study, we recruited 105 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection as a case group from the Wuhan Tongji Hospital (Wuhan, China). For each case two control subjects were recruited. Participants were randomly selected from communities in Wuhan and matched for sex, age (± 2yrs), and pre-existing comorbidities (hypertension and diabetes). Results A total of 105 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and 210 controls were included. Compared with control group, the case group had higher proportions of lack of sleep (30.5% vs. 14.8%, P = 0.001) and increased physical activities (56.2% vs. 32.9%, P < 0.001). And patients in the case group were more likely to have alopecia (28.6% vs. 10.0%, P < 0.001) than people from the control group. Overall, we found that lack of sleep [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.56, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03–2.39)], physical activities (≥ 5 times a week) (adjusted OR 2.05, 95%CI 1.39–3.02) and alopecia (adjusted OR 1.73, 95%CI 1.13–2.66) were independent risk factors for COVID-19 infection. Conversely, low-dose alcohol intake (<100g alcohol per week), hand hygiene, and fruits intake (daily) were significantly associated with a decrease in morbidity. Conclusions Individual lifestyle behaviors and health status can affect the occurrence of COVID-19.

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“…The oral flora was reported to be associated with SSI in patients with HNC surgery [9 , 10] . Furthermore, relationships between pneumonia-causing bacteria and tongue-fixing bacteria, and between the tartar index and the occurrence of pneumonia in elderly patients have been reported [11] . For this reason, SSI and PP are likely to occur due to the oral bacterial flora after surgery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of preventive oral care on postoperative infections after head and neck cancer surgery

et al. 2020

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This study aimed to investigate the incidence of postoperative pneumonia (PP) and surgical site infection (SSI) in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients and clarify the relationship between oral care and postoperative infection. Methods: We conducted a retrospective observation survey based on the medical records of 209 HNC surgery patients managed at a University Hospital in 2016-2018. The incidence of PP and SSI were assessed in patients who underwent operations of the nose and paranasal sinuses to the larynx. Factors associated with PP and SSI in a univariate analysis were included in a multiple logistic regression analysis. A Cox proportional hazards model was used analyze the incidence of PP according to time after surgery. The present study was approved by the ethical review board of our Institute. Results: The rates of PP and SSI in our study population were 20.5% and 23.0%. Operative time (P < 0.01), blood loss (P = 0.004), tracheostomy (P < 0.01), reconstruction (P < 0.01), and preoperative plaque control record (PCR) (P < 0.01) were significantly associated with PP. The PCR depicted the oral hygiene based on the percentage of plaque attached to the tooth neck. A multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that the incidence of PP was significantly higher in patients with PCR values of ≥50% after preoperative oral care (OR = 10.174, 95% CI 2.14-48.32, P = 0.004). Tracheostomy (P < 0.01), reconstruction (P = 0.044), a lower preoperative albumin level (P = 0.019), and a lower preoperative hemoglobin level (P < 0.01) were significantly associated with SSI. Conclusions: The incidence of PP among patients who received oral care was high in those patients with high PCR values, indicating the importance of increasing compliance to preoperative oral care.

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The association between oral health status and respiratory pathogen colonization with pneumonia risk in institutionalized adults

Abstract: The calculus amount and tongue colonization with respiratory pathogens are risk factors for pneumonia development. Oral hygiene measures to remove tongue biofilm and calculus may reduce pneumonia development.

Cited by 35 publications

References 23 publications

Effect of Mucosal Brushing on the Serum Levels of C-Reactive Protein for Patients Hospitalized with Acute Symptoms

Effect of Mucosal Brushing on the Serum Levels of C-Reactive Protein for Patients Hospitalized with Acute Symptoms

The impact of individual lifestyle and status on the acquisition of COVID-19: A case—Control study

The effect of preventive oral care on postoperative infections after head and neck cancer surgery

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