The association between nutritional factors and hypertension

Abstract

Hypertension is a growing public health issue with serious health consequences worldwide. The association between nutritional factors and hypertension have been reported in the literature. This literature review aims to investigate the association between nutritional factors and hypertension. Studies published from 1999 to 2021 in English were search using Medline, Pubmed, Scopus, Web Science, and Google Scholar databases. Keywords included hypertension, blood pressure, fats, protein, carbohydrates, sodium, fiber, potassium, calcium, magnesium, diet and literature review. The number of references included in this review was 85. This review found a significant association between hypertension and consumption of saturated fats, monounsaturated and omega-3 fatty acids, sodium, potassium, fiber, and protein. However, there are still unclear and inconsistent associations in studies on the association between carbohydrates, calcium, and magnesium with hypertension.