The association between near‐infrared spectroscopy assessment of microvascular reactivity and flow‐mediated dilation is disrupted in individuals at high risk for cardiovascular disease

Abstract

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between the NIRS‐derived reperfusion slope and %FMD in the arm of healthy and at high risk for CVD individuals. Methods Twelve healthy (24 ± 4 years) and twelve at high risk for cardiovascular disease (65 ± 11 years) individuals participated in the study. The individuals were submitted to a conduit artery FMD followed by a NIRS‐VOT microvascular function test in the arm. Microvascular responsiveness was calculated as the forearm reperfusion slope, and macrovascular function was assessed as the percent of change in FMD (%FMD) of the brachial artery. Results There was a significant correlation between reperfusion slope and %FMD (R = 0.61, P < 0.05) in the healthy group; however, no significant correlation between FMD and reperfusion slope (R = −0.21, P > 0.05) was found in individuals at high risk for CVD. Conclusion The correlation between NIRS‐derived reperfusion slope and %FMD was disrupted in the arm of individuals at high risk for cardiovascular disease compared to healthy individuals. The findings of the present study reinforce the importance of examining vascular function at microvasculature and conduit artery level, especially in populations with risk factors for CVD.

Young healthy adults with a family history of hypertension have increased microvascular reactivity but decreased macrovascular function

“…We found no relationship between any of these macrovasculature measurements and SmO2 slope 2 1st 10 s. The lack of relationship between FMD variables and SmO2 VOT variables in the current investigation differs from prior investigations finding a significant correlation between FMD percent dilation and SmO2 slope 2 1st 10 s in the leg 54 and arm 45,55,56 vasculatures in young healthy adults. However, one previous study did find that older adults at high risk for cardiovascular disease did not display a significant correlation between FMD and SmO2 slope 2 1st 10 s 56 . It is possible that the lack of a relationship is due to the purposeful inclusion of the non‐traditional risk factor of adults with a family history of hypertension.…”

Suitability of the muscle O2 resaturation parameters most used for assessing reactive hyperemia: a near-infrared spectroscopy study

“…Although we are aware that it would be important for all participants to undergo clinical examination, the main purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of tissue oxygenation parameters in detecting impaired reactive hyperemia in the microvasculature of a population previously known to have microvascular damage. 3 , 4 , 7 , 9 Therefore, the absence of clinical examination does not compromise the results of this study.…”

Evaluation of Different Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Devices for Assessing Tissue Oxygenation with a Vascular Occlusion Test in Healthy Volunteers

“…Many studies on StO 2 changes during the VOT also deal with other concepts such as association with flow-mediated dilatation [3], strategies to protect from prolonged forearm ischemia [4], and differences in vascular function between the DOI: 10.1159/000510072 trained and untrained limbs [5]. StO 2 changes during the VOT can be used for microcirculation monitoring in healthy patients, aged population [6], patients with obesity [7], patients with coronary artery disease or high risks of cardiovascular diseases [8,9], patients who undergo a cardiopulmonary bypass [10], and patients with critical illnesses such as sepsis [11,12].…”