The Association between Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Liver Enzymes (Aspartate and Alanine Transaminases) in Tehran, Iran

Abstract

BackgroundIntake of fiber and antioxidants and following hypocaloric diets has beneficial effects on reduction of the liver enzymes. Fruits and vegetables are low in calorie and rich in fiber and antioxidants. There are few studies about special dietary effects on liver function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between fruit and vegetables intake and liver function enzymes.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on 265 Tehrani healthy adults. Fruit and vegetable intake was assessed by a 147-items semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Serum glucose, lipids, liver enzymes (alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST)), hs-Crp and body composition were measured in a fasting state.ResultsThe mean age (± SD) of the participants was 35 ± 8.78. In the higher quartiles of vegetable intake, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) serum and total cholesterol (TC) levels were lower after adjusting for confounders (p = 0.03 and 0.02 respectively). Individuals in the upper quartile of vegetable intake were less likely to have elevated ALT (OR=0.21; 95% CI =0.08–0.49) and AST (OR=0.33; 95% CI =0.15–0.75) levels before adjusting for confounders. After controlling for potential confounders, only the association between vegetable intake and ALT level remained significant (OR=0.32; 95% CI =0.12–0.90). Liver enzymes had no significant relationship with the quartiles of fruit intake. In the higher quartiles of fruit intake, the visceral fat rating was lower after adjustment (p = 0.04) but not in the higher vegetable intake (p = 0.50).ConclusionsThe results of this study showed that vegetable intake is reversely associated with LDL, TC and ALT level in Tehrani healthy adults, whereas fruit intake is only associated with lower visceral fat rating.

Cross-Sectional Study on the Association between Dietary Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant Capacity and Serum Liver Enzymes: The Furukawa Nutrition and Health Study

“…To our knowledge, there was no observational study of this relationship. A small intervention study among 33 healthy adults reported a favorable effect of NEAC diet (fruits, vegetables, coffee, and tea were the major contributors) on serum ALT and GGT, but not AST [ 19 ] Similarly, a cross-sectional study of 265 Tehrani healthy adults have reported that vegetable intake was inversely associated with serum ALT, but not AST [ 14 ]. In contrast, green tea consumption was not associated with serum AST and ALT in healthy Japanese adults [ 16 ].…”

“…Previous results from observational studies have reported that a higher dietary intake [ 10 ] or higher blood concentrations [ 11 ] of antioxidant nutrients were associated with decreased serum liver enzyme levels, particularly gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) which is a major biomarker of excessive alcohol intake [ 12 ] and oxidative stress [ 13 ]. To date, several [ 10 , 14 ] but not all [ 11 ] studies have reported that intakes of fruits and vegetables, which are rich in antioxidants, were inversely associated with liver enzymes levels. Although green tea contains high concentrations of catechin-type polyphenol antioxidants, studies of the effects of green tea consumption on liver dysfunction have yielded inconsistent results [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ].…”

A High-Protein/Low-Fat Diet May Interact with Vitamin D-Binding Protein Gene Variants to Moderate the Risk of Depression in Apparently Healthy Adults

“…The study subjects consisted of 265 individuals (126 males and 139 females) aged between 18 and 55 years who were recruited from all the regions of west and central Tehran, using community-based convenience sampling [19]. The information was collected between May and September 2017.…”

“…Total body water was obtained using bioelectrical impedance analysis. The participants had all fasted overnight (10–12 h) and were barefoot when they were assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis [19]. Taking measurements after strenuous exercise was avoided; the clinicians waited until the individuals had rested sufficiently in order to prevent possible differences in the measured values.…”

Compostos Fenólicos E Atividade Antioxidante in Vitro Dos Frutos E Folhas Da Garcinia Cochinchinensis Choisy

“…Estudos científicos recentes relatam uma variedade significativa de compostos bioativos nesses frutos, entre os quais, destacam-se vitamina C, carotenóides e compostos fenólicos (BARROS et al, 2017;YEMMEN et al, 2017). Tais compostos têm sido descritos como protetores de distúrbios crônico-degenerativos, por apresentarem atividade antioxidante e anti-inflamatória, agindo contra o estresse oxidativo e nos danos causados por este processo no organismo humano, incluindo a peroxidação lipídica e lesão inflamatória em células vasculares, além de danos oxidativos nas bases do DNA (SOUZA et al, 2012;XIONG et al, 2014;BOONPROM et al, 2017;MOLLAHOSSEINI et al, 2017).…”