The association between fast-flushing response and alcohol use among Japanese Americans.

Differential Effects of Acculturation on Drinking Behavior in Chinese- and Korean-American College Students

“…Characteristics of the study sample could partly account for these findings. For instance, the high rates of alcohol use typical of college settings (Wechsler et al, 2002;Weitzman et al, 2003) could mask risk and protective influences that may otherwise discriminate among groups of Asian drinkers (e.g., Nakawatase et al, 1993). It is also important to note that all participants in this study reported lifetime alcohol use.…”

“…Some studies allow global inferences about acculturation's effects by comparing the drinking rates of U.S. Asians to their counterparts abroad (e.g., Higuchi et al, 1994;Johnson et al, 1987;Park et al, 1984;Yamamoto et al, 1994); however, these studies typically have not measured acculturation directly. Several studies of Asian Americans show that measured indices of acculturation correlate positively with drinking quantity/frequency (Hahm et al, 2003(Hahm et al, , 2004Hendershot et al, 2005;Nakashima and Wong, 2000;Nakawatase et al, 1993;Song et al, 2004;Sue et al, 1979). Most studies have assessed acculturation using unidimensional indicators such as place of birth, length of residency, or language.…”

Polymorphism of Alcohol Dehydrogenase Genes in Alcoholic and Nonalcoholic Individuals from Valencia (Spain)

“…Differences in drinking behavior due to uncomfortable or embarrasing acute flushing reactions to ethanol have been attributed to inherited polymorphic differences in metabolism of ethanol and acetaldehyde (GOEDDE et al 1979;HARADA et a1 1980;SHIBUYA and YOSHIDA 1988a,b); thus, individuals who have inactive low Km aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) are much less likely to develop alcoholism than those with active ALDH2 (SUZUKY et al 1992;YOSHIDA 1992). Those Japanese Americans who exhibit the fast flushing response tend to drink less than those who do not flush (NAKAWATASE et al 1993). On the other hand, SLUTSKE et al (1995) concluded that alcohol-related flushing is not a protective factor against alcoholism in Caucasians and may in fact constitute a risk factor.…”

Self‐Reported Alcohol‐Associated Symptoms and Drinking Behavior in Three ALDH2 Genotypes Among Japanese University Students

“…The atypical ALDH2 genotypes play a protective role in preventing alcoholism (Harada et al, 1982;. Although some studies have investigated relationships between the flushing response and drinking behavior among adolescents (Nakawatase et al, 1993;Suzuki et al, 1997), no reports have so far investigated a relationship between the ALDH2 genotype and alcohol use among college or university students in Oriental countries.…”