The Association Between Earlier Marijuana Use and Subsequent Academic Achievement and Health Problems: A Longitudinal Study

Brook, Judith S.; Stimmel, Matthew; Zhang, Chenshu; Brook, David W.

doi:10.1080/10550490701860930

Cited by 92 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Considering that young adults have the highest rates of marijuana use 1 and use of marijuana is associated with a number of physical health [2][3][4][5] and psychosocial problems, [6][7][8][9][10][11] findings from the current study may have public health implications. Our findings can be used to further refine and develop treatment interventions for young women with more heterogeneous levels of marijuana use and who struggle with symptoms of GAD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…1 Regular marijuana use is associated with respiratory illnesses, such as bronchitis, emphysema, and lung infections, [2][3][4] as well as neurocognitive deficits. 2,5 The use of marijuana has also been linked with psychosocial problems, including occupational absenteeism, work-related accidents, [6][7] poor educational achievement, 2,8,9 and increased likelihood of mental health conditions, including anxiety, depression, and suicidal behavior. 2,10,11 Given these associations and the high prevalence of use, marijuana use represents a significant public health problem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

General Anxiety Disorder Symptoms, Tension Reduction, and Marijuana Use Among Young Adult Females

Dios¹,

Hagerty

Herman

et al. 2010

Journal of Women's Health

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

General Anxiety Disorder Symptoms, Tension Reduction, and Marijuana Use Among Young Adult Females

Dios¹,

Hagerty

Herman

et al. 2010

Journal of Women's Health

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“…This rapidly evolving legal status points towards increasing acceptance for marijuanaa perspective echoed in the popular media, where marijuana legalization has often been framed as an attempt to provide chronically ill individuals access to a much-needed treatment [2]. By contrast, the academic literature has highlighted marijuana's association with long-term health risks [3,4], poor social outcomes [5,6], and psychosis [7]. These potential risks highlight the importance of understanding how legalization may affect the use of marijuana.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Formation of Marijuana Risk Perception in a Population of Substance Abusing Patients

2015

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Risk perception has been shown to be protective with regard to marijuana use. Notably, the risk perception of marijuana in individuals with substance abuse problems varies significantly from that of the general public. Understanding how risk perception is formed in substance users could explain these differences and help predict the consequences of policy changes. Using this framework, we explored risk perception and its formation in a sample of substance abusing veterans. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with veterans who were receiving treatment for substance abuse. Interviews were recorded digitally, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. A prominent perspective among the 31 participants was that marijuana is significantly different from other drugs because it is safe, not addictive, not associated with physical withdrawal, and has less overt behavioral effects than other substances. Many of these participants drew upon their own innocuous experiences with the drug in developing this perspective, more so than information from any other source. A contrasting narrative emphasized marijuana's capacity to cause negative social consequences, act as a gateway to the use of other, more harmful substances, and cause paranoia or worsen psychosis. In conclusion, individual experience with marijuana featured more prominently in informing risk perception than any other source of information. Our results and previous literature suggest that the significant disconnect between the individual experiences of substance users and the current clinical and legal policy towards marijuana may weaken the legitimacy of public policy or the authority of the medical community.

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“…Un mayor nú-mero de días que un adolescente se exponga al uso de esta sustancia se asocia con una reducción en el CI y con un enlentecimiento en la velocidad de procesamiento durante la evaluación de atención (Camchong et al, 2016). Asimismo, adolescentes consumidores de mariguana presentan menor aprovechamiento escolar (por ejemplo, fluidez verbal y matemática, cálculo, comprensión de lectura) que adolescentes no usuarios (Brook, Stimmel, Zhang, & Brook, 2008;Hooper, Woolley, & De Bellis, 2014); el inicio de dependencia de cannabis, la edad de inicio regular y la frecuencia de uso se correlacionaron positivamente con el aprovechamiento (Hooper et al, 2014). En una cohorte de adolescentes, a quienes se evaluó su CI entre los 9 y los 10 años y se les volvió a evaluar 10 años después, se mostró una caída significativa en el mismo de cuatro puntos en aquellos individuos que consumieron más de 30 veces mariguana, aunque esta caída se limitó a las habilidades verbales, pero no a las espaciales (Jackson et al, 2016).…”

Section: Consumo De Mariguana E Inteligenciaunclassified

Mariguana y sus efectos sobre el cerebro, la toma de decisiones y la inteligencia. Una revisión narrativa

Ruiz-Contreras¹,

Ortega-Mora²,

Belmont³

et al. 2016

RIIAD

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RESUMENIntroducción: la mariguana es la droga de mayor consumo después del tabaco y el alcohol, a pesar de que está penado utilizar más de cierto gramaje que depende del país; por ejemplo, en México es más de 5 g, lo que indica una alta motivación por conseguir la droga. Uno de los principios activos de la mariguana es el Δ9-tetrahidrocannabinol. Esta molécula afecta al sistema endocannabinoide, provocando cambios en su función y, concomitantemente, en la morfología cerebral. Objetivo: revisar y discutir la evidencia científica del efecto del consumo de mariguana sobre el cerebro, la inteligencia y la toma de decisiones. Método: se consideraron los reportes científicos que abarcan de 2005 a marzo de 2016 encontrados en PubMed, enfocados en los efectos del consumo de mariguana sobre cambios morfológicos cerebrales, la inteligencia y la toma de decisiones. Resultados: dependiendo de la edad de inicio del consumo de mariguana, es posible detectar cambios en el cerebro y la inteligencia, mientras que otras variables como la frecuencia o la cantidad de uso repercuten en la eficiencia para la toma de decisiones. Discusión y conclusiones: estos resultados señalan que 1) el consumo de mariguana afecta la morfología cerebral, la toma de decisiones y la inteligencia; 2) sugieren la potencial participación del sistema endocannabinoide en la toma de decisiones e inteligencia; y 3) dadas las consecuencias, deben alertar al sector salud para promover su prevención y en su momento estar preparados para la rehabilitación.Palabras clave: mariguana, inteligencia, adolescencia, sistema endocannabinoide, toma de decisiones. ABSTRACTIntroduction: marijuana or cannabis is the most consumed drug after tobacco and alcohol, even in the condition that to carry more than a given amount is a crime, suggesting that cannabis consumers are highly motivated to get the drug. In Mexico the amount allowed is 5g. Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol is one of the major psychoactive ingredient of cannabis. This molecule acts upon the endocannabinoid system, producing modifications in their function and, consequently, in the brain morphology. Objective: to review and discuss the scientific literature about cannabis consumption effect on brain, intelligence and decision-making. Method: the search of scientific reports in PubMed from January, 2005 to March, 2016, to evaluate the marijuana effect on brain morphology, intelligence and decision making. Results: it seems that as a function of the age of cannabis consumption onset the user might have morphological and functional brain changes, whereas variables such as frequency or amount of cannabis use may affect the efficiency of decision making. Discussion and conclusions: all these data together indicate that: 1) marijuana consumption affects brain morphology, decision-making and intelligence; 2) there is a potential role of the endocannabinoid system in decision-making and intelligence; and 3) given these consequences, should alert health organizations to develop strategies aiming prevention and if it is the...

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The Association Between Earlier Marijuana Use and Subsequent Academic Achievement and Health Problems: A Longitudinal Study

Cited by 92 publications

References 31 publications

General Anxiety Disorder Symptoms, Tension Reduction, and Marijuana Use Among Young Adult Females

General Anxiety Disorder Symptoms, Tension Reduction, and Marijuana Use Among Young Adult Females

The Formation of Marijuana Risk Perception in a Population of Substance Abusing Patients

Mariguana y sus efectos sobre el cerebro, la toma de decisiones y la inteligencia. Una revisión narrativa

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