General Anxiety Disorder Symptoms, Tension Reduction, and Marijuana Use Among Young Adult Females

Dios, Marcel A. de; Hagerty, Claire E.; Herman, Debra S.; Hayaki, Jumi; Anderson, Bradley J.; Budney, Alan J.; Stein, Michael D.

doi:10.1089/jwh.2010.1973

Cited by 34 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Much of the research on negative affect associated with use has focused on anxiety, with evidence for the effect of anxiety on marijuana use being mediated by tension-reduction expectancies (de Dios et al, 2010) and coping motives for use (Johnson et al, 2009). EMA research with young, frequent marijuana users has suggested that the association between anxiety and subsequent marijuana use may be mediated by the effects of anxiety on craving (Buckner et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Momentary Positive and Negative Affect Preceding Marijuana Use Events in Youth

Shrier

Ross

Blood

2014

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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ABSTRACT. Objective: Desire to self-regulate affect, including to maintain or enhance positive affect and to reduce negative affect, may be a primary motivation for marijuana use among young people. This study examined how positive and negative affect differ before marijuana use compared with other times. Method: Forty medical outpatients ages 15-24 years who used marijuana recreationally at least twice a week (M = 18.7 years; 58% female) reported momentary positive affect, negative affect, companionship, perceived ease of obtaining marijuana, and marijuana use several times a day for 2 weeks on a handheld computer. Mean momentary positive affect and negative affect scores in the 24 hours leading up to a marijuana use event (n = 294) were compared with affect scores in times further from subsequent use. Generalized estimating equation models considered as potential moderators perceived ease of obtaining marijuana and being with friends. Results: Positive affect did not differ in the 24 hours before marijuana use compared with times further before use. Negative affect was signifi cantly higher before marijuana use compared with other times. Being with friends and perceived easy marijuana availability did not moderate the associations. The association between negative affect and subsequent marijuana use was attenuated when negative affect was examined only for the moment just before use, suggesting that use may follow a period of increased negative affect. Conclusions: The fi ndings support an affect regulation model for marijuana use among frequently using youth. Specifi cally, these youth may use marijuana to manage increased negative affect. (J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs, 75, 781-789, 2014)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Momentary Positive and Negative Affect Preceding Marijuana Use Events in Youth

Shrier

Ross

Blood

2014

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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“…First, it is possible that we did not measure a covariate that explains this rapid increase in perceived norms over time. For example, researchers have suggested that youth may learn misperceived norms through viewing adolescent peers and young adults drinking on TV/movies, advertisements, and in pictures on social media websites such as Facebook (de Dios et al, 2010; Gordon et al, 2010; Perkins and Craig, 2003). We did control for age in our analyses, which by proxy may have been a factor related to increased media exposure (i.e., older youth may have more access to TV and social media).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A longitudinal examination of alcohol, marijuana, and cigarette perceived norms among middle school adolescents

Pedersen

Miles

Ewing

et al. 2013

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Background Adolescents tend to overestimate the prevalence of substance use among their peers and these perceived norms are associated with their current and future use. However, little is known about how perceived norms change over time during middle school, a developmental period when adolescents are at-risk for initiating substance use. Method We examined changes in perceived norms of alcohol, marijuana, and cigarettes over a two year period among a large and diverse sample of 6th and 7th grade youth (N = 6,097; 50.1% female; 54% Hispanic). Participants completed a baseline survey and two subsequent annual surveys. Participants estimated the percentage of their peers they believed used each substance, as well as indicated levels of personal use, offers to use from peers, and exposure to peers who were using each substance. Results Perceived norms of all three substances increased over time. Increases were somewhat attenuated when controlling for demographic factors, personal use, and peer factors, but remained significant. Female adolescents and those reporting non-Hispanic White ethnicity experienced the greatest increase in perceived norms over time. Conclusion Normative perceptions of substance use increase greatly during the middle school years, an effect which cannot be fully explained by demographics, personal use, or peer factors. Given that perceived norms are often associated with personal use, early interventions with middle school youth are warranted to prevent the growth of these influential factors during this developmental period.

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“…Other work with both clinical and community samples of young adults has found that while social anxiety is positively associated with marijuana use and consequences, this relationship is stronger for those with negative expectancies (Buckner & Schmidt, 2008, 2009). Further research with young adult females has shown that tension reduction expectancies (i.e., marijuana makes me feel carefree and I do not care about my problems as much) mediated the association between anxiety and marijuana use (de Dios et al, 2010). Thus, studies that examine the association between mental health and marijuana use without considering expectancies may miss important qualifying information.…”

Section: Expectancy Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Mental Health Symptoms and Marijuana Expectancies on Marijuana Use and Consequences Among At-Risk Adolescents

Pedersen

Miles

Osilla

et al. 2014

Journal of Drug Issues

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Based on expectancy theory, adolescents at risk for mental health symptoms, such as those involved in the juvenile court system, may use marijuana due to the belief that use will attenuate anxiety and depressive symptoms. In a diverse sample of youth involved in the Santa Barbara Teen Court system (N = 193), we examined the association between mental health symptoms and marijuana expectancies on marijuana use and consequences. In general, stronger positive expectancies and weaker negative expectancies were both associated with increased marijuana use. Youth that reported more symptoms of both anxiety and depression and stronger positive expectancies for marijuana also reported more consequences. We found that youth experiencing the greatest level of consequences from marijuana were those that reported more depressive symptoms and stronger positive expectancies for marijuana. Findings suggest that these symptoms, combined with strong positive expectancies about marijuana’s effects, have implications for consequences among at-risk youth.

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General Anxiety Disorder Symptoms, Tension Reduction, and Marijuana Use Among Young Adult Females

Abstract: Background: The current study tested the hypothesis that tension reduction expectancies mediate the relationship between anxiety symptoms and marijuana use.

Cited by 34 publications

References 50 publications

Momentary Positive and Negative Affect Preceding Marijuana Use Events in Youth

Momentary Positive and Negative Affect Preceding Marijuana Use Events in Youth

A longitudinal examination of alcohol, marijuana, and cigarette perceived norms among middle school adolescents

The Effects of Mental Health Symptoms and Marijuana Expectancies on Marijuana Use and Consequences Among At-Risk Adolescents

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