The Association between Alcohol Consumption and Breast Density: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Ziembicki, Stephanie; Zhu, Jing; Tse, Elizabeth; Martin, Lisa; Minkin, Salomon; Boyd, Norman F.

doi:10.1158/1055-9965.epi-16-0522

Cited by 33 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…They have found suggestions of increased breast density associated with greater birth size [35], duration of use of hormonal contraceptives [36], higher testosterone levels [37], and lower childhood BMI, independent of current BMI [38]. At adult ages, the potential actions needed to lower breast density for a reduction in breast cancer risk, apart from the known pregnancy-associated effects, include lowering alcohol intake [39], whilst the protective effect of physical activity does not appear to be mediated through MD [40]. Further, in high-risk women and in women with ductal carcinoma in situ, tamoxifen reduces breast cancer risk through a reduction in MD [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mammographic density and ageing: A collaborative pooled analysis of cross-sectional data from 22 countries worldwide

Burton¹,

Maskarinec²,

et al. 2017

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BackgroundMammographic density (MD) is one of the strongest breast cancer risk factors. Its age-related characteristics have been studied in women in western countries, but whether these associations apply to women worldwide is not known.Methods and findingsWe examined cross-sectional differences in MD by age and menopausal status in over 11,000 breast-cancer-free women aged 35–85 years, from 40 ethnicity- and location-specific population groups across 22 countries in the International Consortium on Mammographic Density (ICMD). MD was read centrally using a quantitative method (Cumulus) and its square-root metrics were analysed using meta-analysis of group-level estimates and linear regression models of pooled data, adjusted for body mass index, reproductive factors, mammogram view, image type, and reader. In all, 4,534 women were premenopausal, and 6,481 postmenopausal, at the time of mammography. A large age-adjusted difference in percent MD (PD) between post- and premenopausal women was apparent (–0.46 cm [95% CI: −0.53, −0.39]) and appeared greater in women with lower breast cancer risk profiles; variation across population groups due to heterogeneity (I2) was 16.5%. Among premenopausal women, the √PD difference per 10-year increase in age was −0.24 cm (95% CI: −0.34, −0.14; I2 = 30%), reflecting a compositional change (lower dense area and higher non-dense area, with no difference in breast area). In postmenopausal women, the corresponding difference in √PD (−0.38 cm [95% CI: −0.44, −0.33]; I2 = 30%) was additionally driven by increasing breast area. The study is limited by different mammography systems and its cross-sectional rather than longitudinal nature.ConclusionsDeclines in MD with increasing age are present premenopausally, continue postmenopausally, and are most pronounced over the menopausal transition. These effects were highly consistent across diverse groups of women worldwide, suggesting that they result from an intrinsic biological, likely hormonal, mechanism common to women. If cumulative breast density is a key determinant of breast cancer risk, younger ages may be the more critical periods for lifestyle modifications aimed at breast density and breast cancer risk reduction.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mammographic density and ageing: A collaborative pooled analysis of cross-sectional data from 22 countries worldwide

Burton¹,

Maskarinec²,

et al. 2017

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“…Alcohol uptake correlates with an increased risk of having highly dense glands [35] and developing breast cancer (RR 1.61) [36]. Alcohol-related risk of inducing breast cancer may depend also on the menopausal status of women [37].…”

Section: Breast Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alcohol Higher risk [35,36] Different effects according to menopausal status [37] Different effects on survival [38] Coffee No clear effect [39][40][41][42] Dietary products Dose-dependent effect [18] Egg Higher risk [19,20] Fat Higher risk [13,14] Fish Different effects based on the fatty acids assessed [31][32][33][34] Folate Dose-dependent effect [21] Fruit Different effects based on the type of fruit and study design [22][23][24][25][26] Meat No clear effect [15][16][17] Mediterranean diet No clear effect [8][9][10][11][12] Soy Different effects based on ethnicity [29,30] Tea No clear effect [43,44] Vegetables No clear effect [22,27,28]…”

Section: Nutrient Main Findings Referencementioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrigenomics and Breast Cancer: State-of-Art, Future Perspectives and Insights for Prevention

Sellami

Bragazzi

2020

Nutrients

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Proper nutrition plays a major role in preventing diseases and, therefore, nutritional interventions constitute crucial strategies in the field of Public Health. Nutrigenomics and nutriproteomics are arising from the integration of nutritional, genomics and proteomics specialties in the era of postgenomics medicine. In particular, nutrigenomics and nutriproteomics focus on the interaction between nutrients and the human genome and proteome, respectively, providing insights into the role of diet in carcinogenesis. Further omics disciplines, like metabonomics, interactomics and microbiomics, are expected to provide a better understanding of nutrition and its underlying factors. These fields represent an unprecedented opportunity for the development of personalized diets in women at risk of developing breast cancer.

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“…Lifestyle habits have also been investigated as possible modulators of MBD. Studies aimed to investigate the role of dietary habits and physical activity (PA) have been mostly observational, with a cross-sectional design, and have shown mixed results, possibly in relation to differences in study design, study population, timing of the exposure, and MBD assessment (13,14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Dietary and Physical Activity Modifications Reduce Breast Density in Postmenopausal Women? The DAMA Study, a Randomized Intervention Trial in Italy

Masala¹,

Assedi²,

Sera

et al. 2019

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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The Association between Alcohol Consumption and Breast Density: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Cited by 33 publications

References 42 publications

Mammographic density and ageing: A collaborative pooled analysis of cross-sectional data from 22 countries worldwide

Mammographic density and ageing: A collaborative pooled analysis of cross-sectional data from 22 countries worldwide

Nutrigenomics and Breast Cancer: State-of-Art, Future Perspectives and Insights for Prevention

Can Dietary and Physical Activity Modifications Reduce Breast Density in Postmenopausal Women? The DAMA Study, a Randomized Intervention Trial in Italy

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