The Association Between Adiposity and Breast Cancer Recurrence and Survival: A Review of the Recent Literature

Azrad, Maria; Demark‐Wahnefried, Wendy

doi:10.1007/s13668-013-0068-9

Cited by 103 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Obesity is associated with increased risk of breast cancer recurrence and mortality in both pre and postmenopausal women (83,84). Multiple studies have demonstrated that this association may be stronger in women with hormone receptor-positive tumors (85)(86)(87).…”

Section: Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Morbidity and mortality associated with obesity

Abdelaal

Roux

Docherty

2017

Annals of Translational Medicine

735

459

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Obesity and its repercussions constitute an important source of morbidity, impaired quality of life and its complications can have a major bearing on life expectancy. The present article summarizes the most important co-morbidities of obesity and their prevalence. Furthermore, it describes classification and grading systems that can be used to assess the individual and combined impact of co-morbid conditions on mortality risk. The literature was screened for assessment tools that can be deployed in the quantification of morbidity and mortality risk in individual patients. Thirteen specific domains have been identified that account for morbidity and mortality in obesity. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer account for the greatest mortality risk associated with obesity. The King's Criteria and Edmonton Obesity Staging System (EOSS) were identified as useful tools for the detection and monitoring of individual patient mortality risk in obesity care. The stark facts on the complications of obesity should be capitalized on to improve patient management and knowledge and referred to in the wider dissemination of public health messages aimed at improving primary prevention.

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Section: Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Morbidity and mortality associated with obesity

Abdelaal

Roux

Docherty

2017

Annals of Translational Medicine

735

459

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“…Others describe reductions in the energy expended, basal metabolic rate, and physical activity 9,10 . Another important factor is the combination of glucocorticoids and antiemetics used to minimize the side effects of CTx agents 8,11 . Psychological stress-related emotional volatility and start of menopause may also be related to weight gain during CTx 12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Obesity is associated with locally advanced disease at diagnosis and, consequently, a poorer prognosis 11,16,19 . The mechanism has not been well-established, but high BMI values have been usually associated with greater concentrations of circulating sex hormones, insulin, and insulin growth factor, leading to a disequilibrium in the relationship between cell differentiation and apoptosis with a consequent progression and proliferation of tumor cells [16][17][18]20 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in the body mass index in Brazilian women undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer

Ricci

Formigoni

Zuliani

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Ginecol. Obstet.

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PURPOSE: To evaluate variations in the body mass index in patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer, and to associate these changes with patient's age and adjuvant chemotherapy regimen. METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study in order to correlate any variation in the body mass index before and after adjuvant chemotherapy with patient's age and adjuvant chemotherapy regimen. Patients who received any form of prior hormone therapy, such as tamoxifen or aromatase inhibitors, were excluded. We selected data for 196 patients with stage I to III breast cancer who were treated by radical or conservative surgery and received adjuvant chemotherapy at the Cancer Institute of the State of São Paulo, Brazil. RESULTS: Before adjuvant chemotherapy, 67.8% of patients were classified as overweight or obese according to their body mass indices. Around 66.3% (95% CI 59.7-73.0) of the patients exhibited an increase in the body mass index after adjuvant chemotherapy. The average age of all patients was 56.3±11.3 years. Participants whose body mass index increased were younger than those with no increase (54.7±11.1 versus 59.3±11.2 years; p=0.007). Patients were treated with the following adjuvant chemotherapy regimens: doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, and paclitaxel (AC-T, 129 patients, 65.8%); 5-fluoracil, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide (36 patients, 18.4%); cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5-fluoracil (16 patients, 8.2%); docetaxel and cyclophosphamide (7 patients, 3.6%); and other regimen (8 patients, 4.1%). The AC-T regimen showed a statistically significant association with increase in the body mass index (p<0.001 by ANOVA). CONCLUSIONS: Most patients with breast cancer showed an increase in the body mass index after adjuvant chemotherapy, especially after the AC-T chemotherapy regimen. ResumoOBJETIVO: Avaliar variações no índice de massa corpórea em pacientes que estão passando por quimioterapia devido ao câncer de mama, e relacionar tais alterações com a idade da paciente e o regime de quimioterapia. MÉTODOS: Estudo de coorte retrospectivo que correlacionou variações no índice de massa corpórea pré-e pós-quimioterapia com a idade da paciente e o regime de quimioterapia. Foram excluídas as pacientes que receberam terapia hormonal prévia, seja como tamoxifeno ou inibidores da aromatase. Os dados de 196 pacientes com estágio I a III de câncer de mama foram selecionados, e elas foram tratadas por cirurgia radical ou conservadora que receberam quimioterapia adjuvante no Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. RESULTADOS: Antes da quimioterapia adjuvante, 67,8% das pacientes foram classificadas com sobrepeso ou obesas de acordo com seus índices de massa corpórea. Aproximadamente 66,3% (IC95% 59,7-73,0) das pacientes exibiram aumento no índice de massa corpórea após a quimioterapia adjuvante. A média de idade das pacientes foi de 56,3±11,3 anos. Pacientes que apresentaram aumento no índice de massa corpórea eram mais jovens do que aquelas que não apresentaram aumento algum (54,7...

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“…These are important findings as higher levels of fat mass and lower levels of muscle mass have been related to poorer survival [41,42] and high risk of metabolic diseases [42][43][44] indicating the need to restore body composition of breast cancer survivors after treatments. Previous reviews have indicated that it is insufficient evidence for the effect of exercise on body composition in cancer patients [14,45], but the few studies addressing this topic have found similar results to ours, suggesting that exercise may be an efficient tool to restore energy balance and thus improve body composition [43,46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supervised physical exercise improves VO2max, quality of life, and health in early stage breast cancer patients: a randomized controlled trial

Casla

López-Tarruella

Jerez

et al. 2015

Breast Cancer Res Treat

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Breast cancer patients suffer impairment in cardiorespiratory fitness after treatment for primary disease, affecting patients' health and survival. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of a pragmatic exercise intervention to improve cardiorespiratory fitness of breast cancer patients after primary treatment. Between February 2013 and December 2014, 94 women with early stage (I-III) breast cancer, 1-36 months post-chemotherapy, and radiotherapy were randomly assigned to an intervention program (EX) combining supervised aerobic and resistance exercise (n = 44) or usual care (CON) (n = 45) for 12 weeks. Primary study endpoint was VO 2max . Secondary endpoints were muscle strength, shoulder range of motion, body composition, and quality of life (QoL). Assessments were undertaken at baseline, 12-week, and 6-month followups. Eighty-nine patients aged 29-69 years were assessed at baseline and 12 weeks. The EX group showed significant improvements in VO 2max , muscle strength, percent fat, and lean mass (p B 0.001 in all cases) and QoL compared with usual care (CON). Apart from body composition, improvements were maintained for the EX at 6-month follow-up. There were no adverse events during the testing or exercise intervention program. A combined exercise intervention produced considerable improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness, physical function, and quality of life in breast cancer patients previously treated with chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Importantly, most of these benefits were maintained 6 months after ceasing the supervised exercise intervention.

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The Association Between Adiposity and Breast Cancer Recurrence and Survival: A Review of the Recent Literature

Cited by 103 publications

References 34 publications

Morbidity and mortality associated with obesity

Morbidity and mortality associated with obesity

Variations in the body mass index in Brazilian women undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer

Supervised physical exercise improves VO2max, quality of life, and health in early stage breast cancer patients: a randomized controlled trial

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