2022
DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4569
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The assessment of environmental sustainability: The role of research and development in ASEAN countries

Abstract: Considering the set targets of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) to increase research and development (R&D) expenditures, this study probes the long‐term and causal association between renewable energy (RE), nonrenewable energy (NRE), economic growth (GDP), and ecological footprints (EFs) in the context of the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC). Empirical evidence is based on the panel data throughout the period 1990–2016 for the selected six ASEAN economies. The Westerlund co‐integration test … Show more

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Cited by 21 publications
(14 citation statements)
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“…This work follows the study of Balsalobre-Lorente et al [44] Before the econometric analysis, all data were transformed into their natural logarithms. This form eliminates the problems of multicollinearity and provides robust findings [41][42][43]. This work follows the study of Balsalobre-Lorente et al [44] in applying the empirical model, which is as follows: where, CO 2 , GL, GDP, NAT, AG, EN, and RD represent the CO 2 emissions (kilo ton), the overall index of globalization, GDP per capita (constant term), natural resource abundance (% of GDP), ageing population 65 years and above, energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita), and research and development (number of patents).…”
Section: Data and Empirical Estimationmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…This work follows the study of Balsalobre-Lorente et al [44] Before the econometric analysis, all data were transformed into their natural logarithms. This form eliminates the problems of multicollinearity and provides robust findings [41][42][43]. This work follows the study of Balsalobre-Lorente et al [44] in applying the empirical model, which is as follows: where, CO 2 , GL, GDP, NAT, AG, EN, and RD represent the CO 2 emissions (kilo ton), the overall index of globalization, GDP per capita (constant term), natural resource abundance (% of GDP), ageing population 65 years and above, energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita), and research and development (number of patents).…”
Section: Data and Empirical Estimationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Before the econometric analysis, all data were transformed into their natural lo rithms. This form eliminates the problems of multicollinearity and provides robust fi ings [41][42][43]. This work follows the study of Balsalobre-Lorente et al [44] Before the econometric analysis, all data were transformed into their natural logarithms.…”
Section: Data and Empirical Estimationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Tu [3] opined that the world, in recent years, has witnessed and been subject to strong influences due to the increasing strategic competition between the major countries. This is reflected clearly in the Indian Ocean and Pacific Rim areas, along with Southeast Asia (including Vietnam), as a focal point, pulling in many states and entities to get involved, including member s of ASEAN [19]. Tuan [20], and Thuan [21] discussed that the relationship between Vietnam and the Russian Federation at the beginning of the 21 st century was heavily impacted by international factors, including the policies of major countries, which also had a concrete influence on the relationship between Vietnam and Russia.…”
Section: -Literature Reviewmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…On the other hand, composition and technological effects have strong positive consequences on the performance of the economy (Abid et al 2022). This is made possible by the rapid economic development which results in structural improvement leading to energy switching from conventional energy-intensive industries to cleaner services (including renewable energy) this can be achieved through abatement activities as well as research and development (Mehmood et al 2021) which invariably improve environmental quality.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%