The assessment of center of mass and center of pressure during quiet stance: Current applications and future directions

Richmond, Sutton B.; Fling, Brett W.; Lee, Hyunglae; Peterson, Daniel S.

doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2021.110485

Cited by 41 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The fact that the UCM Ratio is above zero is interpreted as an indicator for the control of the RV [ 42 , 43 ], which, in our case, is the CoM. Although it has been suggested that the CoM is a controlled variable, and especially in the postural studies [ 53 ], it is hard to verify this experimentally. Scholz et al [ 54 ] showed that, during balance recovery, participants tended to re-establish the position of the CoM rather than those of the joint configurations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Running-Induced Fatigue Changes the Structure of Motor Variability in Novice Runners

Möhler

Fadillioglu

Scheffler

et al. 2022

Biology

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Understanding the effects of fatigue is a central issue in the context of endurance sports. Given the popularity of running, there are numerous novices among runners. Therefore, understanding the effects of fatigue in novice runners is an important issue. Various studies have drawn conclusions about the control of certain variables by analyzing motor variability. One variable that plays a crucial role during running is the center of mass (CoM), as it reflects the movement of the whole body in a simplified way. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the effects of fatigue on the motor variability structure that stabilizes the CoM trajectory in novice runners. To do so, the uncontrolled manifold approach was applied to a 3D whole-body model using the CoM as the result variable. It was found that motor variability increased with fatigue (UCMꓕ). However, the UCMRatio did not change. This indicates that the control of the CoM decreased, whereas the stability was not affected. The decreases in control were correlated with the degree of exhaustion, as indicated by the Borg scale (during breaking and flight phase). It can be summarized that running-induced fatigue increases the step-to-step variability in novice runners and affects the control of their CoM.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Running-Induced Fatigue Changes the Structure of Motor Variability in Novice Runners

Möhler

Fadillioglu

Scheffler

et al. 2022

Biology

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“…However, as during the unassisted condition the rollator simulator was not used, the analysis of the COP feet provides a consistent insight of the effort of the human body to regulate the COM within the base of support during the transition phase from seat-off to a stable stance for the comparison of the two support conditions and the unassisted condition. As the COP reflects the neuromuscular response to control the COM within the base of support ( Sloot et al, 2020 ; Richmond et al, 2021 ), the findings of the study help in understanding how the body constrains the COM within the base of support during assisted and unassisted standing up and sitting down. This was shown in this study by the reduced COP feet length and sway area with increasing support, implying that less effort of an individual was needed to control the COM within the base of support.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, as the preparation process before lifting the buttocks of the chair is highly important for the stability of the subsequent standing up movement ( Goulart and Valls-Solé 1999 ), we analyzed the relative seat-off timing to quantify if the variations in support led to changes in the preparation time. Because the center of pressure (COP) reflects the neuromuscular response to control the center of mass (COM) within the base of support, it has an important role in terms of maintaining stability ( Sloot et al, 2020 ; Richmond et al, 2021 ). Therefore, we analyzed throughout the standing up and sitting down the total 2D horizontal COP (COP feet ) path length of the feet ( Pinsault and Vuillerme 2009 ; Ringhof and Stein 2018 ) and the sway area ( Quijoux et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Young Individuals Are More Stable and Stand More Upright When Using Rollator Assistance During Standing up and Sitting Down

Krafft

Herzog

Stein

et al. 2022

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Four-wheeled walkers or rollators are often used to assist older individuals in maintaining an independent life by compensating for muscle weakness and reduced movement stability. However, limited biomechanical studies have been performed to understand how rollator support affects posture and stability, especially when standing up and sitting down. Therefore, this study examined how stability and posture change with varying levels of rollator support and on an unstable floor. The aim was to collect comprehensive baseline data during standing up and sitting down in young participants. In this study, 20 able-bodied, young participants stood up and sat down both 1) unassisted and assisted using a custom-made robot rollator simulator under 2) full support and 3) touch support. Unassisted and assisted performances were analyzed on normal and unstable floors using balance pads with a compliant surface under each foot. Using 3D motion capturing and two ground-embedded force plates, we compared assistive support and floor conditions for movement duration, the relative timing of seat-off, movement stability (center of pressure (COP) path length and sway area), and posture after standing up (lower body sagittal joint angles) using ANOVA analysis. The relative event of seat-off was earliest under full support compared to touch and unassisted conditions under normal but not under unstable floor conditions. The duration of standing up and sitting down did not differ between support conditions on normal or unstable floors. COP path length and sway area during both standing up and sitting down were lowest under full support regardless of both floor conditions. Hip and knee joints were least flexed under full support, with no differences between touch and unassisted in both floor conditions. Hence, full rollator support led to increased movement stability, while not slowing down the movement, during both standing up and sitting down. During standing up, the full support led to an earlier seat-off and a more upright standing posture when reaching a stable stance. These results indicate that rollator support when handles are correctly aligned does not lead to the detrimental movement alterations of increased forward-leaning. Future research aims to verify these findings in older persons with stability and muscle weakness deficiencies.

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“…Thus, previous evaluation of postural stability by the results of clinical tests was supplemented by instrumental measurements of the amplitude and frequency of CG and COP oscillations in the anterior-postural (COP_АР) and medial-lateral directions (COP_ML) using stabilographic devices [ 28 , 30 ]. Later it was established that COP_AP is the most sensitive index of the fear of falling and situational anxiety [ 32 ].…”

Section: Stabilometric Measurements Of Postural Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychophysiological Indicators of Postural Control. Contribution of the Russian Scientific School. Part I

Bazanova

Kovaleva

2022

Hum Physiol

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— This article aimed to systematically review the published results of studies of psychophysiological mechanisms of posture maintenance and identify the key factors that influence the effectiveness of postural control. The recommendations of “Preferred Reporting Elements for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes” (PRISMA) were followed for the review. The results were classified, taking into account the target psychophysiological mechanisms and factors affecting postural control. The article presents the theoretical and empirical results of the Russian scientific school of research on the role of support afferentation in the sensorimotor mechanisms of cognitive and postural functions. Due to the limited number of randomized studies found, it was impossible to make meta-analytic comparisons, so the literature analysis was carried out only qualitatively. Meanwhile, our systematic review provides promising information about possible relationships between stabilometric and psychological indicators of postural control, which have theoretical significance and application in the correction and training of posture control. However, more thorough research is needed to overcome the methodological shortcomings that we have encountered in our qualitative analysis.

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The assessment of center of mass and center of pressure during quiet stance: Current applications and future directions

Cited by 41 publications

References 37 publications

Running-Induced Fatigue Changes the Structure of Motor Variability in Novice Runners

Running-Induced Fatigue Changes the Structure of Motor Variability in Novice Runners

Young Individuals Are More Stable and Stand More Upright When Using Rollator Assistance During Standing up and Sitting Down

Psychophysiological Indicators of Postural Control. Contribution of the Russian Scientific School. Part I

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