The Asian American Values Scale--Multidimensional: Development, reliability, and validity.

Abstract

The development of the 42-item Asian American Values Scale-Multidimensional (AAVS-M) is presented. In Study 1, data from 163 Asian American respondents were subjected to a principal components analysis, which reduced the initial set of 180 items to 42 items divided into 5 components: collectivism, conformity to norms, emotional self-control, family recognition through achievement, and humility. The data also revealed initial evidence of the AAVS-M total and subscale scores' reliability and validity. In Study 2, data from 189 Asian American respondents were subjected to a confirmatory factor analysis, which supported a hierarchical factor structure underlying the AAVS-M. Additional reliability and validity evidence of AAVS-M total and subscale scores were found. In Study 3, data from 38 Asian American respondents yielded evidence of AAVS-M total and subscale scores' test-retest reliability.

A Psychometric Revision of the Asian Values Scale Using the Rasch Model

“…These studies were Chung, Kim, and Abreu (2004); Kim and Atkinson (2002); Kim et al (1999); ; Kim, Hill, et al (2003); Kim, Li, and Ng (2003); Kim and Omizo (2003);and Liang, Li, and Kim (2004).…”

Acculturative stress, perfectionism, years in the United States, and depression among Chinese international students.

“…Second, future studies might explore whether Asian cultural values serve as a moderator between acculturative stress and depression. As we know, one of the Asian cultural values is to honor their family through academic achievement (Kim et al, 1999(Kim et al, , 2005. Chinese international graduate students may expect themselves to reach the same or higher level of achievement as they do in their home countries.…”

“…Specifically, when experiencing acculturative stress, they may feel overwhelmed and doubtful of their abilities. Because Asian cultures tend to value emotional self-control (Kim, Atkinson, & Yang, 1999;Kim, Li, & Ng, 2005), these students may believe that they should use their inner resources (e.g., willpower) to resolve their stress or emotional disturbance (e.g., rejection from their American peers). However, some acculturative stressors are related to external factors (e.g., discrimination) and may not always be easily handled by inner sources alone.…”

Cross-cultural adaptation of the Filial Responsibility protocol for use in Brazil

“…In relation to the subject under study, it is important to note that international authors (25)(26) argue that the literature on filial responsibility reflects a lack of conceptual clarity about which concepts should be measured, as well as inconsistency in how researchers should operationalize and measure such constructs. Similar to the present study, during the adaptation of the Caregiver Burden Inventory for use in Brazil, it was also pointed out that the existence of cultural differences between countries may mean that the instrument being adapted lacks dimensions present in the target-culture.…”

“…In China, filial piety means respect and obedience to elderly parents, and is considered a social norm in the country, which is taught to children so that in the future they will care for elderly parents (23)(24) . Filial duty was conceptualized and validated by the committee for use in Brazilian culture as "respect or devotion to parents", which involves a perception of love, affection, gratitude, relationship of reciprocity and retribution for the care they had received when children.In relation to the subject under study, it is important to note that international authors (25)(26) argue that the literature on filial responsibility reflects a lack of conceptual clarity about which concepts should be measured, as well as inconsistency in how researchers should operationalize and measure such constructs. Similar to the present study, during the adaptation of the Caregiver Burden Inventory for use in Brazil, it was also pointed out that the existence of cultural differences between countries may mean that the instrument being adapted lacks dimensions present in the target-culture.…”