The arterial blood supply of the human hypophysis cerebri

McConnell, E. M.

doi:10.1002/ar.1091150204

Cited by 137 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(1 reference statement)

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“…Parkinson (1964) stated that this vessel forms an arterial anastomosis with the middle meningeal and accessory meningeal arteries near the foramen spinosum. McConnell (1953) in her original description, found an anterior and an inferior capsular artery. The anterior capsular artery was described by this author as an insignificant source of blood to the pituitary gland.…”

Section: Artery Of the Inferior Cavernous Sinusmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The anterior capsular artery was described by this author as an insignificant source of blood to the pituitary gland. The inferior capsular artery, however, was described by McConnell (1953) as providing blood not only to the inferior surface of the anterior lobe of the pituitary but also to the floor of the sella turcica. With two branches described by this author, a more appropriate term should be McConnell's capsular arteries.…”

Section: Artery Of the Inferior Cavernous Sinusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Branches of the petrous and cavernous segments of the internal carotid artery

et al. 2006

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Microsurgical approaches to the skull base require a thorough knowledge of the microvasculature of this region. Interestingly, most standard texts of anatomy do not mention the branches of the internal carotid artery as it travels through the temporal bone and cavernous sinus. Although small and with often conflicting descriptions, these arterial branches may be of significance when contributing to the vascular supply of such pathological entities as meningiomas and vascular malformations. Furthermore, multiple anastomoses exist between these branches and branches of the external carotid artery, thus providing a potentially important collateral circulation between these two systems and thus retrograde flow needed to maintain the patency of the distal internal carotid artery (ICA) when this vessel is obstructed proximally. We review the literature regarding these branches of the internal carotid artery and their clinical significance.

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Section: Artery Of the Inferior Cavernous Sinusmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Artery Of the Inferior Cavernous Sinusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Branches of the petrous and cavernous segments of the internal carotid artery

et al. 2006

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“…[27] The parasellar trunks of the ICA originate and ramify in the same manner as described for fetuses17 and adults. [25,30] We recognized McConnell's arteries, [26] but their origins were not further analyzed.…”

Section: Topography Of the Psr In Infantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The parasellar region of human infants: cavernous sinus topography and surgical approaches

Weninger¹,

Mülle²

1999

FOC

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Object In this study the authors analyze the peculiarities of the parasellar anatomy and the topography of surgical approaches to the parasellar region (PSR) in human infants. Methods Forty-nine specimens of the PSR obtained at autopsy were studied using microdissection and histological analysis. Important distances between anatomical landmarks were measured with the aid of a dissecting microscope. One serially sectioned specimen was three-dimensionally reconstructed and analyzed on the computer screen by using the authors' new episcopic reconstruction technique. The anatomy of the infant PSR differs distinctly from that of the adult. The parasellar portion of the internal carotid artery (ICA) does not form a siphon, but takes a straight course, and the venous pathways as well as the cranial and sympathetic nerves have different topographical relationships. Analyses of surgical approaches demonstrate that, in young children, the anterolateral approach can be used to reach the pterygopalatine compartment, the superior ophthalmic vein, and those pathological processes that extend from the orbit into the PSR. The approach via Parkinson's triangle can be used in 45% of cases to access the pathological processes that occur in the voluminous space above and behind the posterior flexure of the parasellar ICA. Taking this route, sympathetic nerve fibers passing through the PSR are not at risk, but some arterial branches that run within the lateral wall of the sinus can complicate this approach. Conclusions This study presents a guideline that can assist radiologists and neurosurgeons in the planning and performance of interventions within the PSR of neonates and young children.

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“…The anterior lobe is supplied via the superior hypophyseal arteries, which are derivated from internal carotid artery and traverse the diaphragma sellae along the pituitary stalk. The posterior lobe is supplied via the inferior hypophyseal arteries, which also arise from internal carotid artery, nevertheless go down to the pituitary gland rather than within the stalk 20 . The cause of hypopituitarism after apoplectic event may be due to compression or destruction of the pituitary gland, interruption of the blood supply to the gland or to the pituitary stalk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient central diabetes insipidus followed by pituitary apoplexy treated in a conservative way

Silva

Lima

Machado

et al. 2008

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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apoplexia hipofisária com TraTamenTo conservador seguido por diabeTes insipidus cenTral TransiTório 2,3 . These findings are often accompanied by various degrees of hypopituitarism, even without surgical management of the apoplexy. Even though, posterior pituitary function is nearly always preserved, a few cases of diabetes insipidus have been described 5,6 . Diabetes insipidus occurs transiently in about 4% of patients with apoplexy and persistently in only 2 % of these patients [5][6][7] . We report a patient with a previously non diagnosed nonfunctioning pituitary tumor that developed central diabetes insipidus following pituitary apoplexy. caseA 49-year-old man, previously diagnosed with systemic arterial hypertension, presented to emergence room with severe headache. On physical examination blood pressure was 160x100 mm Hg. After 10 hours, despite of blood pressure normalization, the headache persisted and was followed by ophthalmoplegia, meningeal irritation signs and consciousness impairment. A lumbar puncture was performed and meningitis was excluded. Brain computed tomography was done and only maxillary sinusitis was detected. Three days after, the patient developed hypotension. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a macroadenoma of 20x15x15 mm with supra-sellar extension and intratumoral hemorrhage (Figure). At that moment, pituitary function tests were normal (thyrotropin: 1.46 mcUI/mL; RV: 0.3 a 5.0 mcUI/mL; free T4: 1.3 ng/dL; RV: 0.8-1.9 ng/dL; prolactin: 3.4 ng/dL; RV: 2,0 a 15,2 ng/mL) except for a low cortisol level (5.7 Figure. MRI (T1 weighed, coronal) showing a macroadenoma with supra-sellar extension and intratumoral hemorrhage, before gadolinium injection (A) and after gadolinium injection (B).

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The arterial blood supply of the human hypophysis cerebri

Cited by 137 publications

References 16 publications

Branches of the petrous and cavernous segments of the internal carotid artery

Branches of the petrous and cavernous segments of the internal carotid artery

The parasellar region of human infants: cavernous sinus topography and surgical approaches

Transient central diabetes insipidus followed by pituitary apoplexy treated in a conservative way

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