The Architecture of Small Networks: Strong Interaction and Dynamic Organization in Small Social Systems

Smith, Thomas S.; Stevens, Gregory T.

doi:10.2307/2657493

Cited by 78 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…A healthily functioning body requires a cyclical process of regulating opioid and norepinephrine releases. Smith and Stevens (1999) point to research indicating that the human body cannot accomplish this chemical regulation in isolation from other bodies and that attachment behaviour triggers opioid release while separation behaviour triggers norepinephrine release. Brain processes and social processes are thus interlinked in the form of what Smith calls a hyperstructure (Smith and Stevens, 1999).…”

Section: Social Bodiesmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Furthermore, it seems that social experience is essential to the ongoing regulation of the body. Smith and Stevens (Smith & Stevens, 1999;Smith, 2001) quote a number of researchers (McGuire et al, 1984;Reite & Field, 1985, Wise & Rompre, 1989 who have identified a specific group of neurochemicals and receptors in the brain identified as the opioid system. Opioids are morphine-like and an example is the endorphins released by exercise.…”

Section: Social Bodiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Affects and Cognition in a Social Theory of Unconscious Processes

Stacey¹

2005

Group Analysis

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The final, definitive version of this article has been published in the Journal, Group Analysis, Vol 38 / Issue 1, 2005, Copyright The Group-Analytic Society , by SAGE Publications Ltd at : http://gaq.sagepub.com/This paper argues that affects and cognition cannot be separated in human consciousness and that human consciousness is fundamentally a social phenomenon. This contention is based on a number of arguments. First, research into brain functioning indicates that those centres of the brain that deal with emotion also deal with the capacity to select rational and moral actions. Second, is the argument that attachment and separation behaviours, that is, social acts, are essential for the human body???s capacity to regulate itself. Next, the paper reviews G. H. Mead???s theory of symbolic interactionism, according to which human consciousness and self consciousness arise in social acts so that the individual is social through and through. The notion of ???the??? unconscious is then explored. It is argued that this is a fundamentally individualistic notion of what is unconscious in human action and as such is incompatible with the contention that human consciousness is a social process. Suggestions are made for thinking of what is unconscious in terms of social processes. The paper concludes with a section on how one might think abut disturbance and pathology from the perspective of complex responsive processes

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Section: Social Bodiesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Social Bodiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Affects and Cognition in a Social Theory of Unconscious Processes

Stacey¹

2005

Group Analysis

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“…We note that: (a) the agent position range is normalized between [0-1] dividing it by maximum range of agents, (b) each position randomly determines swap type needed for adoption rate, and (c) positions are reset and these recomputed new values will eventually reflect system threshold. With each solution found, model restarts with another randomly selected point for the planted seed-set choice in the graph space [32].…”

Section: Dynamic Sis and Sir Implementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Behavioural Evolution as Social Predictor for the Coronavirus Contagion and Immunization in Nigeria

Ojugo

Eboka

2021

J. Appl. Sci. Eng. Technol. Educ.

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Since the outbreak of the novel coronavirus (covid-19) pandemic from China in 2019, it has left the world leaders in great confusing due to its fast-paced propagation and spread that has left infected a world population of over Eleven Million persons with over five hundred and thirty four thousand deaths and counting with the United States of America, Brazil, Russia, India and Peru in the lead on these death toll. The pandemic whose increased mortality rate is targeted at ‘aged’ citizens, patients with low immunology as well as patients with chronic diseases and underlying health conditions. Study models covid-19 pandemic via a susceptible-infect-remove actor-based graph, with covid-19 virus as the innovation diffused within the social graph. We measure the rich connective patterns of the actor-based graph, and explore personal feats as they influence other nodes to adopt or reject an innovation. Results shows current triggers (lifting of inter-intra state migration bans) and shocks (exposure to covid-19 by migrants) will lead to late widespread majority adoption of 23.8-percent. At this, the death toll will climb from between 4.43-to-5.61-percent to over 12%.

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“…In contrast, artificial society methodology assumes that the dynamics of small and large groups are fundamentally the same, even though different properties may emerge in societies of different sizes. The computational power of MAS techniques provides sociologists with a tool to extend the interactional method of Blau (1964) and of network exchange theory (e.g., Markovsky 1987;Smith and Stevens 1999) to larger social groups.…”

Section: The Influence Of Macro-structural Phenomena On Individualsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Artificial societies also allow the extension of network theoretical models to dynamic simulations, addressing the frequent criticism that network analysis is overly static and structural (e.g., Burke 1997). Several artificial societies show how network structures can emerge from individual actions, for example, the emergence of opinion clusters in Nowak and Latané (1994) and simulations of how groups emerge in networks with both strong and weak links (Chwe 1999;Smith and Stevens 1999). These artificial societies show how structure emerges from individual actions and interactions and then is reproduced over time via the same dynamic processes.…”

Section: The Influence Of Macro-structural Phenomena On Individualsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Societies

Sawyer

2003

Sociological Methods & Research

128

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This article introduces a general sociological readership to multiagent systems (MAS), a new computer simulation technology that has increasingly been used to describe and explain sociological phenomena. The author uses the term artificial societies to refer to social simulations using MAS and he describes MAS technology and contrasts it with other social simulation technologies. The author argues that MAS have attained a level of maturity where they can be useful tools for sociologists, and he shows how MAS provide new perspectives on contemporary discussions of the micro-macro link in sociologicaltheory by focusing on three aspects of the micro-macro link: micro-to-macro emergence, macro-to-micro social causation, and the dialectic between emergence and social causation.

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The Architecture of Small Networks: Strong Interaction and Dynamic Organization in Small Social Systems

Cited by 78 publications

References 12 publications

Affects and Cognition in a Social Theory of Unconscious Processes

Affects and Cognition in a Social Theory of Unconscious Processes

Modeling Behavioural Evolution as Social Predictor for the Coronavirus Contagion and Immunization in Nigeria

Artificial Societies

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