The application of NMR-based metabonomics in neurological disorders

Abstract

Summary: Advances in postgenomic technologies have radically changed the information output from complex biological systems, generating vast amounts of high complexity data that can be interpreted by means of chemometric and bioinformatic methods to achieve disease diagnosis and prognosis. Highresolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy of biofluids such as plasma, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and urine can generate robust, interpretable metabolic fingerprints that contain latent information relating to physiological or pathological status. This technology has been successfully applied to both preclinical and clinical studies of neurodegenerative diseases such as Huntington's disease, muscular dystrophy, and cerebellar ataxia. An extension of this technology, 1 H magicangle-spinning (HRMAS) NMR spectroscopy, can be used to generate metabolic information on small intact tissue samples, providing a metabolic link between metabolic profiling of biofluids and histology. In this review we provide a summary of high-resolution NMR studies in neurodegenerative disease and explore the potential of metabonomics in evaluating disease progression with respect to therapeutic intervention.

1H NMR brain metabonomics of scrapie exposed sheep

“…Quantitative analysis of the 3 compounds indicated that, to a certain extent, hydrolysis of NAA has taken place 20,21 during sample handling. Considering the reported relevance of NAA in brain diseases 5,22 not to lose this…”

Use of high-resolution MRI for investigation of fluid flow and global permeability in a material with interconnected porosity

“…More recent works highlights the potential of this technique to investigate velocity mapping and diffusion properties (Deurer et al, 2002;Sederman and Gladden, 2001). High-resolution MRI found recent applications in biomedical environment and recently, a rather large spectrum of potential applications is emerging, including applications in cancer treatment (Paran et al, 2004), skin treatment (Mirrashed and Sharp, 2004), neurological disorders (Holmes et al, 2006), osteoarticular pathologies (Conroy et al, 2001(Conroy et al, -2006Rossi et al, 2005;Trattnig et al, 2006). Biomedical MRI produces spatial maps of the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) properties of tissue.…”

Metabolomic profiling of biomarkers of liver X receptor-induced toxicity in mouse liver tissue

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