The application of de-epithelialised “turn-over” flaps to the treatment of inverted nipples

Haeseker, Barend

doi:10.1016/0007-1226(84)90019-5

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…To maintain the elevation of the nipple, Elsahy [2] used two triangular deepithelialized hinge flaps from the areola for a hammock-like sling passing the tunnel of the elevated nipple. Haeseker [3] used three deepithelialized turnover flaps. Our two deepithelialized flaps with method II are a little bit different from Elsaly and Haeseker's flaps, because our deepithelialized flap originates mainly from the inverted nipple side.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Surgical Procedure for the Very Severe Inverted Nipple

Sakai¹,

Shibata²,

Izawa³

1999

Aesthetic Plastic Surgery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Severe cases of inverted nipple usually cannot be corrected by a simple procedure, especially if the nipple cannot be pulled out above the areolar level by manipulation. We describe a new method for these cases and we classify the inverted nipple into 3 grades following the choice of their required operative procedure. Our classification for inverted nipple is as follows. Grade I: The inversion is corrected simply by manipulation; the nipple protrusion is long-lasting. Grade II: The inversion can be corrected by manipulation, but recurrence of the inversion is frequent. Grade III: The inversion cannot be corrected without a surgical procedure. Cases of Grades I and II can be corrected by conventional simple surgical procedures. But some cases of Grade II and almost all of Grade III cannot be corrected by conventional methods, in spite of the high frequency of relapse. Cutting of the lactiferous duct, such as the Pitanguy and Broadbent methods, can correct the very severely inverted nipple. But if we want to maintain the lactiferous function after correction, we had better not cut the lactiferous ducts. Our new procedure for correcting very severe cases can keep the lactiferous function after correction without any relapse. In order to avoid the recurrence of nipple retraction and to maintain the lactiferous function, the new surgical procedure that we performed makes an incision deeply and vertically on the nipple to free the lactiferous ducts from the contracted tissues surrounding them. After extension or resection of the restricting tissues, the nipple is raised easily. This procedure will preserve the feeding function and prevent the recurrence of nipple inversion. For very severe cases, using a dermal flap inserted into the base of the nipple may be necessary due to its role of interposing tissue to prevent reverting to inversion.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Surgical Procedure for the Very Severe Inverted Nipple

Sakai¹,

Shibata²,

Izawa³

1999

Aesthetic Plastic Surgery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Such twisting and locking forces are very effective in maintaining nipple shape and in preventing protrusion collapse. This principle has effects comparable to methods that use deepithelialized flaps, such as the use of two triangular deepithelialized hinge flaps for a hammock-like sling, 7 three deepithelialized turnover flaps, 11 and two deepithelialized flaps for a suspension bridge. 12 The degree of twisting effect is dependent on the anchoring point of the dermal flaps.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Correction of Inverted Nipples with Twisting and Locking Principles

Kim

Lim

2006

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…We corrected six inverted nipples in three patients, which were classified as grade II using the Han and Hong classification of nipple inversion [2]. All of the records and information of the patients were anonymized and de-identified prior to analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Elsahy [4,5] originally proposed the use of bilateral triangular dermal flaps that cross under the nipple. Due to its simplicity and effectiveness, this method became widely used in both its original and modified forms [2,[6][7][8][9]. However, it is difficult to provide a rigid fulcrum with those techniques, and the main lactiferous duct could be injured by inserting a flap.…”

Section: Park Jh Et Al An Inlay Wrap Flaps For Inverted Nipplesmentioning

confidence: 99%