The applicability of Greulich and Pyle atlas to assess skeletal age for four ethnic groups

Mansourvar, Marjan; Ismail, Maizatul Akmar; Raj, Ram Gopal; Kareem, Sameem Abdul; Saw, Aik; Gunalan, Roshan; Antony, Chermaine Deepa

doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2013.11.011

Cited by 62 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Currently, search engines are limited in fully understanding the application logic of AJAX-based web applications that load content dynamically because all states of the page are identified by a single URL which is incompatible with the current model of web search engines such as Google, and Yahoo [38].…”

Section: The State-of-the-art In Crawling Ajax-based Web Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This way, it changes the way requests are made and meets some of the requirements of AJAX search crawler using both "protocol-driven" and "event-driven" approaches. However, no automatic state traversal algorithm exists to traverse the web application in detecting all possible events and their desired JavaScript functions like humans do using a web browser [38]. This problem is addressed in [29] by devising AJAXSearch.…”

Section: The State-of-the-art In Crawling Ajax-based Web Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, caching AJAX states is not so easy because, for such purposes, it is important to save the DOM and maintain JavaScript runtime environments. Further, the JavaScript engine i.e., Cobra has a poor and very limited support for complicated JavaScript functions [38].…”

Section: The State-of-the-art In Crawling Ajax-based Web Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crawling Ajax-Based Web Applications: Evolution and State-of-the-Art

Khalid

Khusro

Ullah

2018

MJCS

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The innovation of AJAX resulted in more responsive, interactive and faster web applications due to the clever amalgamation of JavaScript, HTML, and Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) INTTRODUCTIONThe World Wide Web is a giant source of information in which a continuous change occurs in the way of information storage, retrieval and display.[1]. Simple HTML pages are now being replaced with AJAXembedded web pages making information retrieval (IR) challenging because of complexities in executing JavaScript, constructing the navigation model and analysis of Document Object Model (DOM) [2]. AJAX, which is short for Asynchronous JavaScript and XML (Extensible Markup Language), is one of the prominent new techniques that are being used to develop rich and more interactive web applications such as Facebook, YouTube and Google Maps. Unlike a new programming, scripting language or technology, AJAX is a new way to think, design and develop web applications [3,4]. As content is dynamically and asynchronously produced in AJAX-based web applications, web crawlers are unable to detect AJAX event and execute calls just like humans do using a web browser. Furthermore, a lot of applications on the Web are AJAX-based and are least searchable. A methodology is needed to present content produced by these applications to crawlers for indexing purposes just like in traditional Web IR.A lot of research has already explored the technical aspects of AJAX, challenges and the benefits it provides to web application developers. However, these articles are limited in evaluating and comparing the relative performance of AJAX web crawlers. In this review article, we critically and analytically review the available literature in order to report the state-of-the-art in crawling AJAX-based web applications along with some prominent issues and challenges. We also briefly discuss the nature of AJAX-based web applications and their differences from traditional web applications. We also cover the similarities and differences between traditional web crawlers and existing AJAX crawlers as well as highlight the limitation in AJAX crawlers. For this purpose, we searched the major Computer Science digital libraries and other related databases to collect relevant articles that best describe this new technology. We carefully reviewed and analyzed all the selected articles and reported the state-of-the-art accordingly. We hope that this research paper will open new research avenues for researchers interested in this domain. Rest of the paper is organized as follows: Section 2 presents the journey

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Section: The State-of-the-art In Crawling Ajax-based Web Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The State-of-the-art In Crawling Ajax-based Web Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crawling Ajax-Based Web Applications: Evolution and State-of-the-Art

Khalid

Khusro

Ullah

2018

MJCS

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“…Although, the LBP is proposed for rotation invariant texture classification, also it has been used for many applications such as face recognition [3], image retrieval [1], human detector [4], and image categorisation [2]. Many of the variants of the LBP have been suggested and proposed for rotation invariant texture classification such as the Center-symmetric Local Binary Pattern (CS-LBP) [10], Dominant LBP (DLBP) [11], Local Ternary Pattern (LTP) [12], completed LBP ( CLBP) [13], DNS-LBP [14], Local Binary Count (CLBC) [15], Completed Local Ternary Pattern (CLTP) [16], and Local Orientation Adaptive Descriptor [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical, Scene And Event Image Category Recognition Using Completed Local Ternary Patterns (CLTP)

Rassem

Bee

Mohammed

et al. 2017

MJCS

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“…Researchers have been developing various intensity transformation, interpolation or approximation methods [5,6] for image enhancement such as Histogram Equalization (HE) [7], Bézier Curve for Contrast Enhancement (BCCE) [8], and Adaptive Neighborhood Enhancement (ANE) [9], etc. HE is simple and automatic, however it does not preserve the image brightness [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automatic Enhancement Of Digital Images Using Cubic Bézier Curve And Fourier Transformation

Asghar

Gilanie

Saddique

et al. 2017

MJCS

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Image enhancement is one of the most important and visually appealing areas of digital image processing and computer vision. It is considered as a very important part of pre-processing for the development of industrial, security, forensic, medical, and many other applications. Although significant efforts were devoted in the past, a completely automatic image enhancement for all types of input and applications is still a big challenge in the domain of image processing. In this paper, we have proposed a multi-disciplinary approach to enhance the image automatically by intensity transformation in the spatial domain through cubic Bézier curve on images filtered with low and high pass Butterworth in the frequency domain. Results are promising when compared with the existing state-of-the-arts techniques for both visually and quantitatively, which proved that the proposed method can ensure better contrast enhancement.

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The applicability of Greulich and Pyle atlas to assess skeletal age for four ethnic groups

Cited by 62 publications

References 12 publications

Crawling Ajax-Based Web Applications: Evolution and State-of-the-Art

Crawling Ajax-Based Web Applications: Evolution and State-of-the-Art

Medical, Scene And Event Image Category Recognition Using Completed Local Ternary Patterns (CLTP)

Automatic Enhancement Of Digital Images Using Cubic Bézier Curve And Fourier Transformation

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