Crawling Ajax-Based Web Applications: Evolution and State-of-the-Art

Khalid, Shah; Khusro, Shah; Ullah, Irfan

doi:10.22452/mjcs.vol31no1.3

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The advantage of division of labor and cooperation at all levels is that the administrator can quickly locate the problem and deal with it efficiently in case of system failure. The Ajax technology can be applied to quickly present incremental updates on the user interface without reloading the whole page, which will undoubtedly greatly improve the response speed of the interface [ 28 ]. The data layer of this system is mainly composed of BC and databases.…”

Section: Methods Of System Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

System Design for Online Foreign Language Education Based on Blockchain Technology

Song

Shen

2022

Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience

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This study aims to solve the problem that the traditional online foreign language teaching system focuses on function development, ignoring system security, and has certain risks. An online foreign language education system is designed and developed based on the blockchain technology. First, the blockchain technology and key technologies of system design are described in detail. Second, the overall technical architecture of the system, functional modules, and business logic of each module are designed. Finally, the basic performance of the system is tested. The results show that the system can realize the user’s unrestricted office work and zero maintenance of the system. The separation of presentation logic and business logic facilitates the development and maintenance of the system. The system mainly includes six functional modules: user management, course management, course order, course study, course certificate, and credit authentication. These modules are guaranteed for daily teaching use. The event processing success rate of the six functional modules of the system is greater than 99%, and the processing success rate is relatively high. The central processing unit (CPU) usage and memory usage are both below 30%. The host throughput of the six major modules is greater than 100 times/s when processing services. The average response time on the terminal side is maintained below 0.5 s. The average response time of business-side processing is maintained below 0.4 s, which is in line with the standard. The event processing success rate of the constructed system is 10.75% higher than that of other systems, and the average response time, CPU usage, and memory usage are 53.38%, 51.49%, and 50% lower than other systems, respectively. Therefore, the proposed system has better performance. To sum up, the designed system has excellent throughput, event processing capability, response speed, and low CPU and memory occupancy when processing business and is suitable for promotion and use in foreign language online education in colleges and universities. The use of the proposed system can improve its overall teaching efficiency and quality. The purpose is to provide important technical support for the improvement of the security of the online foreign language teaching system.

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Section: Methods Of System Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

System Design for Online Foreign Language Education Based on Blockchain Technology

Song

Shen

2022

Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience

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“…Ajax-based web applications update a web page without reloading the page and need a DOM tree of a web page. Crawling Ajax-based web applications [18] is a popular issue in the literature. Traditional solutions [19] require an embedded browser to execute Ajax-requests.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A regular expression generator based on CSS selectors for efficient extractionfrom HTML pages

2020

Turk J Elec Eng & Comp Sci

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Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) selectors are patterns used to select HTML elements. They are often preferred in web data extraction because they are easy to prepare and have short expressions. In order to be able to extract data from web pages by using these patterns, a Document Object Model (DOM) tree is constructed by an HTML parser for a web page. The construction process of this tree and the extraction process using this tree increase time and memory costs depending on the number of HTML elements and their hierarchies. For reducing these costs, regular expressions can be considered as a solution. However, preparing regular expression patterns is a laborious task. In this study, a heuristic approach, namely REGEXN, that automatically generates these patterns through CSS selectors is introduced and the performance gains are analyzed on a web crawler. The analysis shows that regular expression patterns generated by this approach can significantly reduce the average extraction time results from 743.31 ms to 1.03 ms when compared with the extraction process from a DOM tree. Similarly, the average memory usage drops from 1054.01 bytes to 1.59 bytes. Moreover, REGEXN can be easily adapted to the existing frameworks and tools in this task.

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“…The incorporation of JavaScript in the creation of web services has occasionally hindered the evolution of web-based services and applications, primarily due to the inherent constraints of JavaScript with regards to its functionality and performance [11]. It's important to note that many web services rely heavily on JavaScript for their implementation.…”

Section: Background a Webassemblymentioning

confidence: 99%

metaSafer: A Technique to Detect Heap Metadata Corruption in WebAssembly

Song,

Park,

Kwon

2023

IEEE Access

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WebAssembly (Wasm), a technology enabling efficient native code execution in web browsers, has seen a significant rise in adoption as a popular compilation target. This has led to the emergence of lightweight web services powered by Wasm, characterized by their small binary size and reduced data transfer overhead, thanks to the inherent efficiency of Wasm. Despite their lightweight nature, these services can deliver powerful features like image/video processing, AI and graphical application that surpass the capabilities of JavaScript. To ensure lightweight web services and enhance the overall web experience, Wasm has been extensively optimized. However, these optimizations have raised concerns about memory safety, leading to memory-related vulnerabilities. Wasm's characteristic memory structure, linear memory, has vulnerabilities that provide various attack vectors to attackers. In particular, it presents various attack possibilities through metadata modification containing memory structure information. Attackers can exploit heap memory overflow in Wasm applications, allowing them to target arbitrary memory addresses, modify data, or execute arbitrary code. Such overflows can corrupt memory metadata, resulting in incorrect memory behavior. While research has mitigate memory-related weaknesses in languages such as C and C++ and architectures like X86 in recent decades, the direct application of security solutions designed for different domains to Wasm is not a practical approach. Consequently, allocators in Wasm remain vulnerable to issues like heap overflow and metadata corruption. Thus, there is a pressing need for tailored memory safety techniques and solutions that accommodate Wasm's architecture-agnostic and linear memory structures. In this paper, we propose metaSafer as a solution. By shadowing metadata from Wasm linear memory to JavaScript virtual machine memory and conducting metadata verification, metaSafer effectively blocks attack attempts and vectors. Notably, our solution achieves fast memory shadowing and validation while maintaining a small code size. Through various verification processes, we measured the performance and code size of metaSafer, revealing that it is a software-only security solution with no additional hardware requirements. metaSafer demonstrates robust metadata protection for Wasm applications with an acceptable performance overhead of up to 8% in SQLite speed tests and Polybench benchmarks.

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Crawling Ajax-Based Web Applications: Evolution and State-of-the-Art

Cited by 7 publications

References 17 publications

System Design for Online Foreign Language Education Based on Blockchain Technology

System Design for Online Foreign Language Education Based on Blockchain Technology

A regular expression generator based on CSS selectors for efficient extractionfrom HTML pages

metaSafer: A Technique to Detect Heap Metadata Corruption in WebAssembly

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