The Antioxidant Content and Protective Effect of Argan Oil and Syzygium aromaticum Essential Oil in Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Biochemical and Histological Changes

Abstract

Oxidative stress is an important etiology of chronic diseases and many studies have shown that natural products might alleviate oxidative stress-induced pathogenesis. The study aims to evaluate the effect of Argan oil and Syzygium aromaticum essential oil on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced liver, brain and kidney tissue toxicity as well as biochemical changes in wistar rats. The antioxidant content of Argan oil and Syzygium aromaticum essential oil was studied with the use of gas chromatography. The animals received daily by gavage, for 21 days, either distilled water, Syzygium aromaticum essential oil, Argan oil, H2O2 alone, H2O2 and Syzygium aromaticum essential oil, or H2O2 and Argan oil. Blood samples were withdrawn on day 21 for the biochemical blood tests, and the kidney, liver and brain tissue samples were prepared for histopathology examination. The results showed that the content of antioxidant compounds in Syzygium aromaticum essential oil is higher than that found in Argan oil. H2O2 increased level of blood urea, liver enzymes, total cholesterol, Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL-C), Triglycerides (TG) and Very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL), and decreased the total protein, albumin and High Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C). There was no significant effect on blood electrolyte or serum creatinine. The histopathology examination demonstrated that H2O2 induces dilatation in the central vein, inflammation and binucleation in the liver, congestion and hemorrhage in the brain, and congestion in the kidney. The H2O2-induced histopathological and biochemical changes have been significantly alleviated by Syzygium aromaticum essential oil or Argan oil. It is concluded that the Argan oil and especially the mixture of Argan oil with Syzygium aromaticum essential oil can reduce the oxidative damage caused by H2O2, and this will pave the way to investigate the protective effects of these natural substances in the diseases attributed to the high oxidative stress.

Physicochemical Properties, Mineral Content, Antioxidant Activities, and Microbiological Quality of Bupleurum spinosum Gouan Honey from the Middle Atlas in Morocco

“…e method of Folin-Ciocalteau described by Bakour et al [13] was used for the polyphenol quantification, and 5 g of honey was mixed with 10 mL of distilled water. One hundred microliters of this solution was mixed with 500 μL of Folin-Ciocalteau (0.2 N) reagent and 400 μL of sodium carbonate solution.…”

“…e method described by Bakour et al [13] was followed for the determination of the flavonoids contents, and 5 g of honey were mixed with 10 mL of distilled water. One hundred microliters of this solution was mixed with sodium nitrite (5%) and 150 μL of Alcl 3 solution (10%), 200 μL of NaOH (1%) 1 M was added after 5 min, and absorbance of the reaction mixture was measured at 510 nm.…”

“…e total antioxidant capacity of honey samples was evaluated by the phosphomolybdenum method according to the method described by Bakour et al [13], and 5 g of honey was mixed with 10 mL of distilled water. Twenty-five microliters of this solution was mixed with 1 mL of reagent solution (6 M sulfuric acid, 28 mM sodium phosphate, and 4 mM ammonium molybdate).…”

Oxidative Stress-Induced DNA Damage and Apoptosis in Clove Buds-Treated MCF-7 Cells

“…In addition, it has been clearly indicated that antioxidant effect of clove is in good correlation with polyphenols content [14]. Furthermore, antioxidant activity of clove extract has been described in several in vitro or in vivo studies [15,16]. On the other hand, although polyphenols are considered antioxidants, some experimental results indicate a possible pro-oxidant effect of these phytochemicals [17,18].…”

Antioxidant activity of essential oils from condiment plants and their effect on lactic cultures and pathogenic bacteria

“…This plant is one of the richest sources of phenolic compounds such as eugenol, eugenol acetate and gallic acid, fact that explains its great potential for pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food and agricultural applications (CORTÉS-ROJAS et al, 2014). The essential oil from S. aromaticum (L.) is known by its great antioxidant (BAKOUR et al, 2018, CORTÉS-ROJAS et al, 2014 and antimicrobial activity (PUŠKÁROVÁ et al, 2017), mainly against multidrug-resistant bacteria (NAVEED et al, 2013;ABDULLAH et al, 2015).…”