The anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome

Handfield‐Jones, S.; Jenkins, R.E.; Whittaker, S.; Besse, Céline; McGibbon, David

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb03523.x

Cited by 71 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The antiepileptic drug hypersensitivity syndrome (AHS) is an adverse drug reaction associated with the aromatic antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) phenytoin (PHT), carbamazepine (CBZ), phenobarbital (PB), and primidone (PRM) (1,2). The syndrome can also be caused by a variety of other drugs, such as sulfonamides (3), dapsone (4), minocycline (5), terbinafine (6), azathioprine (7), and allopurinol (8).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiepileptic Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome

Schlienger¹,

Shear²

1998

Epilepsia

147

104

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Summary:The antiepileptic drug hypersensitivity syndrome (AHS) is an adverse drug reaction associated with the aromatic antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) phenytoin (PHT), carbamazepine (CBZ), phenobarbital (PB), and primidone. The syndrome is defined by the triad of fever, skin rash, and internal organ involvement. It can also be caused by other drugs, such as sulfonamides, dapsone, minocycline, terbinafine, azathioprine, and allopurinol. Diagnosis of AHS may be difficult because of the variety of clinical and laboratory abnormalities and manifestations and because the syndrome may mimic infectious, neoplastic, or collagen vascular disorders. The incidence is approximately 1 in 3,000 exposures. AHS starts with fever, rash, and lymphadenopathy, within the f i s t 2-8 weeks after initiation of therapy. Internal manifestations include, among others, agranulocytosis, hepatitis, nephritis, and myostitis. AHS is associated with a relative excess of reactive oxidative metabolites of the AED. Insufficient detoxification may lead to cell death or contribute to the formation of antigen that triggers an immune reaction. Crossreactivity among PHT, CBZ, and PB is as high as 7040%.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiepileptic Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome

Schlienger¹,

Shear²

1998

Epilepsia

147

104

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“…3 Coagulopathy may occur. 8,12 Some features of AHS suggest it is a form of allergic hypersensitivity. 1 Intermediate metabolites like arene oxides can contribute to the immunological response and even cause cell death.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbamazepine induced anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome

Shivamurthy

Ravishankar

2015

Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol

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“…İlaç kullanımından 3 hafta ortaya çıkan, ilaç kesildikten sonra en az 2 hafta devam eden makülopapüler deri döküntüsü, ateş, lenfadenopati, lökositoz (atipik lenfositoz, eozinofili), hepatit, HHV-6 reaktivasyonunun içeren 7 kriterden 5'ini sağlayan ilaç reaksiyonuna İİHS adı verilmiştir. En sık fenitoin, karbamazepin ve fenobarbital gibi aromatik antikonvulzanlar olmak üzere lamotrijin, terbinafin, azatiyoprin, allopurinol gibi ilaçların da İİHS'ye neden olabildiği bildirilmiştir [2][3][4][5][6] .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Sulfasalazin İle Tetiklenen İlaçla İlişkili Hipersensitivite Sendromu

Saral¹,

Akay²,

Şanlı³

2013

Turkderm

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Türk derm-De ri Has ta lık la rı ve Fren gi Ar şi vi Der gi si, Ga le nos Ya yı ne vi ta ra f›n dan ba s›l m›fl t›r. Turk derm-Arc hi ves of the Tur kish Der ma to logy and Ve ne ro logy, pub lis hed by Ga le nos Pub lis hing. Özetİlaçla ilişkili hipersensitivite sendromu (İİHS), ilaç reaksiyonları arasında en tehlikelilerinden biridir. Sistemik organ tutulumları bu reaksiyonun mortalite ve morbiditesini arttırmaktadır. Lezyonlar en sık makülopapüler döküntü şeklinde ortaya çıkmakla birlikte, lezyon morfolojisi farklılık gösterebilir. Çoğunlukla aromatik antikonvulzanlarla ortaya çıkar. Ancak başka ilaçların da bu ilaç reaksiyonu patogenezinde rol oynayabileceği unutulmamalıdır. Erken tanı tedavide en önemli basamaktır. Burada sulfasalazin ile tetiklenen ve klinik olarak makülopapüler döküntüye eşlik eden püstüler lezyonlarla prezente olan bir İİHS olgusu sunmaktayız. Sum maryDrug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DIHS) is one of the most dangerous drug reactions. Mortality and morbidity is increased by consequent systemic organ involvement. Maculopapular eruptions are the most common lesions accompanying DIHS, however, the morphology of skin lesions may vary. The most common cause of DIHS is the use of aromatic anticonvulsant drugs. However, one must not forget that other drugs may also cause DIHS. Early recognition of the condition is the most important step in the treatment. Herein, we present a case of DIHS triggered by sulphasalazine and associated with pustular eruption and maculopapular eruption. (Turkderm 2013; 47: 123-5)

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The anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome

Cited by 71 publications

References 7 publications

Antiepileptic Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome

Antiepileptic Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome

Carbamazepine induced anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome

Sulfasalazin İle Tetiklenen İlaçla İlişkili Hipersensitivite Sendromu

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