The Antibacterial Spectrum of Ustilagic Acid

Reed, R. W.; Holder, M. A.

doi:10.1139/cjms53-053

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…With respect to the specificity of flocculosin, it was not surprising to find a rather similar antibacterial spectrum than the one obtained by Haskins and Thorn (1951) with UA, given the close structural analogy between the two molecules. However, our results differed notably from those obtained by Reed and Holder (1953) who stated that 96% of the 300 bacterial species tested required more than 100 μ g ml −1 to be inhibited. This discrepancy is most likely attributable to medium alkalinity since their bioassays were run in nutrient agar that will titre at pH 6·8 if no amendments are made.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…2005) has also been shown to have antifungal and antibacterial activity and low toxicity on mammals (Haskins and Thorn 1951). When tested in a preliminary clinical trial in unbuffered conditions, UA was reported to be inactive (Reed and Holder 1953). However, we recently demonstrated that pH played a major role on the activity of flocculosin, which is optimal in acidic conditions and almost nil at neutral pH (Mimee et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

In vitroantibacterial activity and antifungal mode of action of flocculosin, a membrane-active cellobiose lipid

Mimee

Pelletier

Bélanger

2009

Journal of Applied Microbiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aims: To investigate the in vitro antibacterial activity and antifungal mode of action of flocculosin, a cellobiose lipid produced by Pseudozyma flocculosa. Methods and Results: When tested against clinical bacterial isolates, the compound was particularly active against Gram‐positive bacteria and its effect was not mitigated against isolates known as resistant to other antibiotics. The antifungal activity of flocculosin was found to be rapid and concentration‐dependent. At lethal concentrations against Candida albicans, flocculosin caused a rapid leakage of intracellular potassium and inhibited acidification of the medium by plasma membrane ATPases suggesting a physical rather than a biochemical effect. TEM observations of cells exposed 6 h to flocculosin revealed disrupted membranes and disorganized mitochondria. Conclusions: Data obtained in this study confirm that flocculosin acts by disrupting the membrane surface of sensitive micro‐organisms. Significance and Impact of the Study: The elucidation of an antifungal mode of action of flocculosin can be exploited in furthering its antimicrobial potential against fungi and bacteria whose cell membranes are particularly sensitive to the action of the molecule.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitroantibacterial activity and antifungal mode of action of flocculosin, a membrane-active cellobiose lipid

Mimee

Pelletier

Bélanger

2009

Journal of Applied Microbiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1b). Ustilagic acid displays strong surface activity and was shown to act antagonistically to both prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms (Haskins and Thorn, 1951;Reed and Holder, 1953). Glycolipids identical or similar to ustilagic acid have been identified only in very few fungi, most of which are closely related to U. maydis (Kulakovskaya et al, 2004(Kulakovskaya et al, , 2005Mimee et al, 2005;Puchkov et al, 2002).…”

Section: Biosynthesis Of Extracellular Glycolipidsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Culture supernatants of U. maydis (or Ustilago zeae, as it was called at that time) were successfully tested for antibiotic activity at the Northern Regional Research Laboratory in Peoria, Illinois (Haskins, 1950), the same place where in 1943 the famous Penicillium chrysogenum strain was isolated, the first isolate that allowed large-scale production of penicillin. The active principle of U. maydis was named ustilagic acid and was found to be a secreted glycolipid, which is toxic for a variety of prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms (Haskins and Thorn, 1951;Reed and Holder, 1953). Although initial attempts were already started for fermentation of ustilagic acid in large-scale (Roxburgh et al, 1954), further investigations revealed that the potential use of ustilagic acid for medical and therapeutical purposes was limited due to instability of this drug if administered orally.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ustilago maydis secondary metabolism—From genomics to biochemistry

Bölker¹,

Basse²,

Schirawski³

2008

Fungal Genetics and Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Past, present and future of glycolipids from Ustilaginaceae – A review on cellobiose lipids and mannosylerythritol lipids

Münßinger,

Beck,

Oraby

et al. 2024

J Surfact & Detergents

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The glycolipids cellobiose lipids (CL) and mannosylerythritol lipids (MEL) are biosurfactants mainly synthesized by microorganisms of the Ustilaginaceae family. They have a large structural diversity, varying in their sugar moieties and the attached fatty acids, resulting in a prospectively broad range of applications. This literature review provides a detailed overview of known microbial producers of CL and MEL, and their respective metabolic pathways that result in different molecular structures. Further, current advances in the aerobic fermentative synthesis of the glycolipids and their purification methods are illustrated. All influencing factors identified to date with regard to the fermentation are highlighted in detail: For CL synthesis usually hydrophilic carbon sources are used as substrate, whereas hydrophobic carbon sources are usually metabolized to MEL. Nitrogen limitation was described as a major trigger for glycolipid synthesis and an acidic pH range was favored for increased CL production. An overview of applied fermentation parameters in recent publications (e.g., substrate‐concentrations, feeding approaches) demonstrates the future potential of CL and MEL production optimization. Foaming during fermentation is either combated or exploited by foam fractionation as the first purification step. The current purification processes focus on solvent extractions and chromatography in the laboratory scale and a need for development was identified for future scale‐up. Finally, environmental hotspots during CL and MEL production are presented and future optimization potentials are highlighted.

show abstract

The Antibacterial Spectrum of Ustilagic Acid

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

In vitroantibacterial activity and antifungal mode of action of flocculosin, a membrane-active cellobiose lipid

In vitroantibacterial activity and antifungal mode of action of flocculosin, a membrane-active cellobiose lipid

Ustilago maydis secondary metabolism—From genomics to biochemistry

Past, present and future of glycolipids from Ustilaginaceae – A review on cellobiose lipids and mannosylerythritol lipids

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About