Abstract:Rosmarinic acid (RosA) is a phenolic acid compound extracted from perilla. In this experiment, the Oxford cup method was used to verify the antibacterial activity of PerillaRosA against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella, and Bacillus subtilis. By polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the effect of RosA on bacterial nucleic acid and bacterial Na + /K + -ATP-ase activity, and scanning electron microscope to exploration of its antibacterial mechanism preliminarily.The results showed that RosA had … Show more
“…Its antibacterial activity has been demonstrated in various investigations. Zhang et al (2021) were revealed the antibacterial properties of rosmarinic acid in different concentrations on E. coli, Salmonella, S. aureus, and B. subtilis. According to their results, Salmonella and E. coli were the most resistant, and S. aureus and B. subtilis were the most sensitive in the tested bacteria.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Several studies showed that the antibacterial effect of RA on S. aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), Enterobacteriaceae spp., Pseudomonas spp., lactic acid bacteria, yeast and mold, and Listeria monocytogenes had been exerted (Ekambaram et al, 2016;Raeisi et al, 2016;Zhuang et al, 2016). RA is also advised as natural food conservative due to its antimicrobial properties (Zhang et al, 2021).…”
Zinc oxide (ZnO) has been used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, paint, textile, and food industries to coat surfaces and absorb UV rays. As a result of its antimicrobial properties in nanoscale, it may be a promising chemical for decontamination. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are generally considered safe (GRAS) for their stability under challenging processing conditions. Our study investigated the antimicrobial activities of rosmarinic acid and propolis, prepared at different concentrations together with ZnO-NPs. For this purpose, six leading foodborne pathogens and a starter culture were chosen. The invitro decontamination effects of ZnO-NPs, rosmarinic acid, and propolis combinations on selected bacteria in the first 24 hours were demonstrated by bacterial counts at regular intervals. According to our results, propolis and ZnO-NPs showed remarkable results together. In addition, rosmarinic acid’s lower concentrations were also found to induce the decontamination effect of ZnO-NPs. Although the antimicrobial effect of ZnO-NPs, when used alone, was less than when used in combination, it was still found to be sufficient.
“…Its antibacterial activity has been demonstrated in various investigations. Zhang et al (2021) were revealed the antibacterial properties of rosmarinic acid in different concentrations on E. coli, Salmonella, S. aureus, and B. subtilis. According to their results, Salmonella and E. coli were the most resistant, and S. aureus and B. subtilis were the most sensitive in the tested bacteria.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Several studies showed that the antibacterial effect of RA on S. aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), Enterobacteriaceae spp., Pseudomonas spp., lactic acid bacteria, yeast and mold, and Listeria monocytogenes had been exerted (Ekambaram et al, 2016;Raeisi et al, 2016;Zhuang et al, 2016). RA is also advised as natural food conservative due to its antimicrobial properties (Zhang et al, 2021).…”
Zinc oxide (ZnO) has been used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, paint, textile, and food industries to coat surfaces and absorb UV rays. As a result of its antimicrobial properties in nanoscale, it may be a promising chemical for decontamination. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are generally considered safe (GRAS) for their stability under challenging processing conditions. Our study investigated the antimicrobial activities of rosmarinic acid and propolis, prepared at different concentrations together with ZnO-NPs. For this purpose, six leading foodborne pathogens and a starter culture were chosen. The invitro decontamination effects of ZnO-NPs, rosmarinic acid, and propolis combinations on selected bacteria in the first 24 hours were demonstrated by bacterial counts at regular intervals. According to our results, propolis and ZnO-NPs showed remarkable results together. In addition, rosmarinic acid’s lower concentrations were also found to induce the decontamination effect of ZnO-NPs. Although the antimicrobial effect of ZnO-NPs, when used alone, was less than when used in combination, it was still found to be sufficient.
“…Referring to the relevant literature, the Oxford cup method was used to determine the diameter of the essential oil inhibition zone (IZ) [ 31 ]. First, 100 μL each of the already cultured Aeromonas sobria and Shwanella putrefaciens were applied to a suitable solid medium by the spread plate method.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…To study the packing characteristics and crystallinity of the material, the diffraction intensity of the samples (modified starch, natural starch, and SOEO microcapsules) were recorded every 5° by XRD (Bruker D8 Advance 25) over a 2 range of 5° to 60° [ 31 ]. The results were analyzed by Jade program (9.0) and Origin (9.0).…”
Aquatic products have an important role in global agriculture, but the challenges associated with preservation have limited their marketability. Essential oil (EO), such as sweet orange oil (SOEO), has been widely used for preservation due to its excellent antibacterial ability. However, the volatilization of EO limits its application in food preservation. In this study, SOEO was extracted from sweet orange peel by steam distillation and then stored in microcapsules. The components of the microcapsules were as follows: the porous starch was chosen as an adsorbed substrate to store SOEO (PS/SOEO), and sodium alginate (SA) and chitosan (CMCS) were used as shell material to delay the volatilization of SOEO using the sharp pore coagulation method. Our results showed that the main antibacterial ingredients in SOEO were aldehydes (33.93%) and d-limonene (15.38%). The microcapsules were of an irregular shape (oval), and the size of the microcapsules was 1.2 ± 0.1 cm as measured by a digital micrometer. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that there were a lot of pores on the surface of the starch after modification, but sodium alginate and chitosan could well encapsulate these pores. The results of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis also showed that SOEO was successful encapsulated into the porous starch. The results of compression test and releasing kinetics studies suggested that CMCS and SA improved the mechanical and slow-releasing ability of SOEO microcapsules. The best antibacterial performance was obtained when 0.8 g of SOEO microcapsules was added. Finally, the shelf life of crawfish could be extended to 6 days by SOEO microcapsule (1/10 g, SOEO microcapsule/crawfish) under room temperature. These results provide a systematic understanding of the antibacterial capabilities of sweet orange essential oil microcapsules, which can contribute to the development of preservation methods for aquatic products.
“…Pattananandecha et al ( 2021 ) reported anti-oxidant activity and anti-photoaging effects of RA extracts on UVA-mediated damage on human fibroblast from the Thunbergia laurifolia plant. Figure 1 demonstrates RA's anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, and anti-hypertensive potential (Bulgakov et al 2012 ; Zhang et al 2021a ). Fig.…”
For decades, the use of secondary metabolites of various herbs has been an attractive strategy in combating human diseases. Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a bioactive phenolic compound commonly found in plants of
Lamiaceae
and
Boraginaceae
families. RA is biosynthesized using amino acids tyrosine and phenylalanine via enzyme-catalyzed reactions. However, the chemical synthesis of RA involves an esterification reaction between caffeic acid and 3,4-dihydroxy phenyl lactic acid contributing two phenolic rings to the structure of RA. Several studies have ascertained multiple therapeutic benefits of RA in various diseases, including cancer, diabetes, inflammatory disorders, neurodegenerative disorders, and liver diseases. Many previous scientific papers indicate that RA can be used as an anti-plasmodic, anti-viral and anti-bacterial drug. In addition, due to its high anti-oxidant capacity, this natural polyphenol has recently gained attention for its possible application as a nutraceutical compound in the food industry. Here we provide state-of-the-art, flexible therapeutic potential and biomedical features of RA, its implications and multiple uses. Along with various valuable applications in safeguarding human health, this review further summarizes the therapeutic advantages of RA in various human diseases, including cancer, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, the challenges associated with the clinical applicability of RA have also been discussed.
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