The antibacterial effect of topical ozone on the treatment of MRSA skin infection

Abstract

Skin can be infected by many types of microorganisms, most commonly by gram-positive strains of Staphylococcus and Streptococcus spp. Treatment of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infections, particularly that of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), is a challenge in clinical practice. Ozone therapy has proven to be one of the strongest antiseptics against the majority of microorganisms involved in skin infections. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the microbicidal effects of topical ozone therapy on S. aureus and MRSA, and determine the clinical efficacy of ozone therapy on patients with MRSA skin infection. Microbicidal effects of ozonated oil and ozonated water were determined by plating and Kirby Bauer methods. Clinical efficacy and safety of topical ozone were evaluated in two cases with skin MRSA infection. The killing rates of ozonated oil for S. aureus and MRSA were greater when compared with the control oil group. Almost 100% of S. aureus were eliminated by ozonated oil following 5 min. Almost 100% MRSA were eliminated by ozonated oil following 15 min. In addition, 100% S. aureus and 100% MRSA were eliminated by ozonated water in 1 min. The inhibition zone diameters of ozonated oil for S. aureus and MRSA were 17 and 13 mm, respectively, which were significantly larger than the control group. Both cases of skin MRSA infection were completely healed with ozone therapy. In conclusion, ozone therapy is a potential treatment for S. aureus and MRSA skin infection as it has great efficacy, few side effects and low-costs.

AMPK activation by ozone therapy inhibits tissue factor‐triggered intestinal ischemia and ameliorates chemotherapeutic enteritis

“…43,44 Recently, clinical trials have been carried out to assess the effect of ozone on chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis. 45,46 Moreover, ozone combined with fluorouracil decreased the resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapy. 47 In our study, it was shown that ozone therapy could effectively attenuate chemotherapeutic enteritis and decrease the blood hypercoagulability in cancer patients (Table 3 and Figure 5).…”

Ozonated Oils as Antimicrobial Systems in Topical Applications. Their Characterization, Current Applications, and Advances in Improved Delivery Techniques

“…The therapeutic category includes derivatives (ointment, gel, spray) that can be applied to the skin and to some mucous membranes for dermatological treatment, such as antimicrobials, exudate reducers and wound healing stimulants [15], or for the treatment of acne, herpes, psoriasis, fungal infections, bed sores, and wounds in general [11]. Some in vivo studies have shown that the severe skin lesions that are caused by S. aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) have been healed by therapy with ozonated oil in 1-2 months, which prove its great efficacy, limited side effects and low-cost [59]. Indeed, Sechi et al [60] have investigated the antimicrobial activity of ozonated sunflower oil (Oleozon ® ) against pathogens, such as S. aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, E. faecium, S. pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and various species of Mycobacterium.…”

Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils from Aframomum citratum, Aframomum daniellii, Piper capense and Monodora myristica

“…Bacterial skin infections are widespread all over the world and many are caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The treatment of S. aureus infection, particularly Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus (MRSA), is a challenge in clinical practice (Malachowa et al, 2013;Song et al, 2017).…”