The Antibacterial and Antioxidant Effect of <i>Salvadora persica</i> on Antibiotic Resistant Strains

Abstract

Many efforts have been devoted to studying the inhibitory effect of Salvadora persica (Miswak) on oral microorganisms. However, information regarding its antibacterial activity against other human pathogens is rare. Particularly, against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii and Enterobacter cloacae. The purpose of this piece of work was to evaluate the antioxidant power and in vitro antibacterial activities of Salvadora persica extract against the three bacterial clinical isolates mentioned above. Therefore, the action of Salvadora persica extract on the three germs, studied via the aromatograms method, has given an inhibition zone 20, 18 and 14 respectively on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii and Enterobacter cloacae. The methanol extract of Salvadora persica using Soxhlet has given an output of 19%. The antioxidant evaluation, which was performed using the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl), free radical scavenging method, indicated that the methanol extract showed good antioxidant efficiency (IC50 = 15.47 mg/ml) compared to ascorbic acid with (IC50 = 0.097 mg/ml).

Antimicrobial activity of herbal feed additives in animal nutrition

“…In accordance with current findings, DPPH inhibition of 79.0 and 64.6 % had been estimated for Ginger and Turmeric extract (Maizura et al, 2011) [5] . Black cumin has been reported rich in phenolic compounds which is responsible for its antioxidant power as studied by Mammad et al (2017) [6] who reported DPPH free radical activity of black cumin extract in terms of IC50=12.256 mg/ml as against ascorbic acid (IC50=0.097 mg/ml). On the other hand, Gulcin (2005) [4] demonstrated scavenging activity of Black pepper extract as 55±4.16% which is lower than that of alpha tocopherol (78±4.78%).…”

Essential Oils, an Answer to the Dilemma of Multiply Resistant Bacteria?

“…(VRE), and 5 strains of extended spectrum beta-lactamase Copy@ Robert L Sautter (ESBL) or Amp C resistant gram negative rods were tested. An aromatogram (Bauer-Kirby [KB]), killing curve, and synergy tests were performed against the isolates [10][11][12].…”

“…In addition, antibiotic resistance is increasing worldwide [1]. Essential oils (EO) have been used since ancient times for healing and the treatment of patients [9], recently, there is an interest in them as an alternative to antimicrobial therapy as a replacement or as an adjunctive therapy source [10]. There has been an interest in using essential oils (EO) both in and out of the hospital [10].…”

“…The purpose of this study is to evaluate the activity of 10 EO, (Tea tree, Thyme, Lavender, German chamomile, Peppermint, Palmarosa, Eucalyptus globulus, Eucalyptus citriodora, Lemongrass and Rose, see table 1 against multiply resistant organisms using standard methods [10].…”

Bioactive compounds, and bio-activities common to three natural products expected to boost the treatment of the comorbidities of COVID-19: A review

“…In the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging capacity model, methanol seed extract of N. sativa exhibited good antioxidant activity. Comparatively, the extract showed an antioxidant activity (IC50 of 12.256 mg/ml), higher than ascorbic acid (IC50 of 0.097 mg/ml) (Mammad et al, 2017). TQ increases the synthesis and activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione-Stransferase, thereby offering the body system protection against reactive oxygen species (Mahmoud & Abdelrazek, 2019).…”