The antibacterial activity and action mechanism of emodin from Polygonum cuspidatum against Haemophilus parasuis in vitro

Abstract

Haemophilus parasuis is the causative agent of Glässer's disease, which leads to serious economic loss to the swine industry. Although antibiotics are widely used to control infections, outbreaks of this disease repeatedly happen. In this study, emodin from Polygonum cuspidatum showed potent inhibitory effect against H. parasuis. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of emodin were 32 and 64μg/mL, respectively. The antibacterial kinetic curves indicated the antibacterial activity of emodin was in a concentration-dependent manner. Cell membrane permeability and flow cytometry assays proved that emodin could destroy cell membrane integrity and increase membrane permeability, and fluorescence spectra assay indicated emodin has influenced conformation of membrane protein. Under transmission electron microscopy, serious lesions of H. parasuis exposed to emodin (64μg/mL) were found, including irregular cell shape, plasmolysis, ruptured cell wall and membrane and cytoplasmic vacuolation. These results suggested that emodin could be used as candidate for treating Glässer's disease.

Antibacterial activity of polyphenolic fraction of Kombucha against Vibrio cholerae : targeting cell membrane

“…Log phase bacterial cultures in LB broth were harvested by centrifugation at 10 000 g for 10 min, washed and re‐suspended in sterile 0·1 mol L −1 phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS, pH 7·2) to 10 8 CFU per ml (Li et al . ). A 20 μl volume of NPN (1 mmol L −1 ) was mixed with 1 ml of the bacterial suspension and immediately the background fluorescence was recorded by an F‐3010 fluorescence spectrophotometer (Hitachi, Japan) at 350 nm (excitation wavelength) and 420 nm (emission wavelength) with a slit width of 5 nm.…”

“…Bacteria grown in LB broth supplemented with 2% lactose, were harvested by centrifugation, washed and re‐suspended in PBS as described above, to 10 8 CFU per ml (Li et al . ). A volume of 0·1 ml of the fraction F1 at different concentrations was inoculated with 0·1 ml of the cell suspensions into a flat bottomed 96‐well microtitre plate.…”

Triggering of Erythrocyte Cell Membrane Scrambling by Emodin

“…Effects of emodin include stimulation of diuresis [1], laxation [3], and vasodilation [1], as well as inhibition of bacterial/viral infection [1,2,4], peptic ulcers [1], inflammation [1,2], and malignancy [1][2][3].…”

Development of a novel hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction based on oil-in-salt and its comparison with conventional one

“…Shikonin and β,β′‐dimethylacrylshikonin in Zicao have been shown to exhibit many biological and pharmacological activities, including wound healing and antiangiogenesis , anti‐inflammatory , antimicrobial and antioxidant , and antitumor . Emodin in Dahuang also has the activities of antitumor , antiproliferative , antineuroinflammatory , and antibacterial . In addition, the significant active compounds in ZCCQD are not only of different types and low concentration but also in a complex matrix.…”

“…Zi-Cao-Cheng-Qi decoction (ZCCQD), a classical formula of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) described in Zheng-Zhi-Huai-Sheng, is composed of Fructus Aurantii Immaturus (Zhishi), Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis (Houpu), antitumor [11]. Emodin in Dahuang also has the activities of antitumor [12], antiproliferative [13], antineuroinflammatory [14], and antibacterial [15]. In addition, the significant active compounds in ZCCQD are not only of different types and low concentration but also in a complex matrix.…”