PEs, broad-spectrum responsiveness (stopband shifting ≈223 nm) and excellent recovery properties under a large strain can be achieved. The dynamic and reversible interaction endows the PEs with a healable capability. More interestingly, the incorporated Fe 3 O 4 @C NPs with photothermal capability can effectively absorb light and convert it into heat under light irradiation (solar light or nearinfrared laser), accelerating healing of the damaged PEs. This study provides a new strategy for bioinspired construction of PEs for applications in the fields of sensing, colorful coating, and display.

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Although China and India are the two largest tea-producing countries, the domestication origin and breeding history of the tea plant in these two countries remain unclear. Our previous study suggested that the tea plant includes three distinct lineages (China type tea, Chinese Assam type tea and Indian Assam type tea), which were independently domesticated in China and India, respectively. To determine the origin and historical timeline of tea domestication in these two countries we used a combination of 23 nSSRs (402 samples) and three cpDNA regions (101 samples) to genotype domesticated tea plants and its wild relative. Based on a combination of demographic modeling, NewHybrids and Neighbour joining tree analyses, three independent domestication centers were found. In addition, two origins of Chinese Assam type tea were detected: Southern and Western Yunnan of China. Results from demographic modeling suggested that China type tea and Assam type tea first diverged 22,000 year ago during the last glacial maximum and subsequently split into the Chinese Assam type tea and Indian Assam type tea lineages 2770 year ago, corresponding well with the early record of tea usage in Yunnan, China. Furthermore, we found that the three tea types underwent different breeding histories where hybridization appears to have been the most important approach for tea cultivar breeding and improvements: a high proportion of the hybrid lineages were found to be F 2 and BCs. Collectively, our results underscore the necessity for the conservation of Chinese Assam type tea germplasm and landraces as a valuable resource for future tea breeding.

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conductors (e.g., hydrogels, [6] and ionogels [7] ), have been designed. Among these signal conductors, ionic conductors offer great potential in wearable sensing applications because of their various skin-like features, including flexible and stretchable natures, relatively high conductivity, and stimuli-responsiveness to the environment. [8] Especially, ionogels have recently attracted considerable attention due to their broad working temperature range, high ionic conductivity, nonvolatility, high thermal-, electrochemical-, and chemical stability, and nonflammability. [9] Ionogels are solid composites based on ionic liquids (ILs) and polymeric 3D networks. [10] Ionogels have been used in flexible electronics, such as energy storage and conversion devices, [11] actuators, [12] and sensors [13] . Ren et al. reported an IL-based click-ionogel that can stretch 13 times the original length and work over a wide temperature range (from −75 °C to 340 °C), which could be applied in flexible and sensing devices. [7a] Cao et al. fabricated an ionogel with transparency, mechanical robustness, and high stability through hydrogen bonding between poly(ethyl acrylate)-based elastomers and bis-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (TFSI) -based ILs, which can be used as a sensor to monitor mechanical motion. [7c] Although ionogels exhibited promising applications as strain sensors, they primarily provide a single electrical sensing signal, which cannot satisfy the increasing demands of intelligent interactive devices.Some organisms (e.g., chameleon, [14] cuttlefish, [15] leaf-tailed gecko, [16] and flatfish [17] ) can employ their skin as interactive interfaces, which can interact with the surroundings by color change for camouflage, communication, and courtship. [18] For example, when perceiving danger, chameleons can transmit the bioelectrical signal to the brain nerves to keep the body still and change skin colors simultaneously through tuning the lattice array of guanine nanocrystals inside iridophores, to give visual feedback to the surrounding ecosystem. [14] These superstructures within specialized cells form photonic crystals that can reflect a specific wavelength of incident light to display structural color. [19] By mimicking these color-changeable biological skins, some photonic crystal sensors with conductive capabilities have been prepared by incorporating electrical or ionic conductors, providing additional visual and intuitive signal With the ever-growing demands for flexible smart interactive electronics, it remains highly desirable yet challenging to design and fabricate interactive ionic skin with multiple signal synergistic outputs. Herein, high-performance photonic ionogels (PIGs) with excellent stability and synergy sensitivity are designed by locking a non-volatile and non-hygroscopic ionic liquid (IL), that is, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([EMIm] [TFSI]), into photonic elastomers based on polymer networks of poly(ethylene glycol) phenyl ether acrylate (PEGPEA). Through m...

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The surface modification of natural materials to be applied in removal of Cr (VI) from aqueous solutions has attracted much attention. A natural sorbent for Cr (VI) based on natural populus fibers (PF) is prepared by transforming the cyano groups (AN) in polyacrylonitriles (PAN) grafted from PF into amidoxime groups (AO), which has strong ability to attract and chelate heavy metal ions. The prepared sorbent is characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectra (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance ( 13 C-NMR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). As potassium dichromate solution (K 2 Cr 2 O 7 ) is used as a target solution for detecting adsorption capacity of the sorbent, the adsorption kinetics of the sorbent for chromiun is consistent with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model by analyzing the adsorption amount as a function of the sorbent dispersed duration in solution at pH = 2. The expected adsorption mechanism is that the Cr (VI) in anionic ions Cr 2 O 7 2and HCrO 4 are adsorbed through electrostatic attraction but when Cr (VI) is reduced to Cr (Ⅲ) by AO, the electronegative nitrogen and oxygen in AO chelate it through coordination bond. The as-prepared PF derivant with high adsorption efficiency of chromium 180.5 mg/g (3.47 mmol/g), low cost, reusability and greenly preparation process suggests that the development of natural PF as a sorbent in removal of Cr (VI) from aqueous solutions is a destined significant approach.

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