The American Bird Conservancy Guide to Bird Conservation

Lebbin, Daniel J.; Parr, Michael J.; Fenwick, George H.; Franzen, Jonathan

doi:10.7208/chicago/9780226647296.001.0001

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Perhaps chief among them is adaptively choosing safe nest sites with vegetative characteristics that conceal nests from potential predators (Martin, ), though the degree to which birds actually manage this is a perennial source of debate among ornithologists (Chalfoun & Schmidt, ; Clark & Shutler, ). Nevertheless, understanding the habitat needs of breeding birds is of paramount importance in the conservation and management of these species (Lebbin, Parr, & Fenwick, ). Researchers therefore dedicate substantial resources to measuring nesting habitat, ranging from nest microclimate (Marzluff, ) to landscape‐level patterns of fragmentation (Laurance et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vegetation phenology and nest survival: Diagnosing heterogeneous effects through time

Ringelman

Skaggs

2019

Ecology and Evolution

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Birds should select nest sites that minimize predation risk, but understanding the influence of vegetation on nest survival has proven problematic. Specifically, the common practice of measuring vegetation on nest fate date can overestimate its effect on nest survival, simply because vegetation at hatched nests grows for a longer period of time than vegetation at nests that were depredated. Here, we sampled the literature to determine the prevalence of this bias in studies of duck breeding ecology. We then used survival data collected from ~2,800 duck nests to empirically evaluate evidence of bias in four different vegetation metrics: vegetation density measured when the nest was found, density when the nest was fated, and date‐corrected regression residuals of these two. We also diagnosed the magnitude of vegetation effects on nest survival by restricting our analysis to only nests which were fated contemporaneously (thereby removing potential bias in the timing of measurement). Finally, we examined whether systematic phenological differences exist between vegetation at hatched and depredated nests that have the potential to further obfuscate the relationship between vegetation and nest survival. We found evidence for a true‐positive effect of vegetation density on nest survival that appeared to be inflated when using raw vegetation measurements collected at fate date. However, taken in combination with the literature review, our results suggest that the majority of duck nesting studies have evaluated the role of vegetation on nest survival using a relatively less biased metric—vegetation density when the nest was found. Finally, we found that over the course of a nesting attempt, vegetation increased in density at successful nests, but decreased in density at depredated nests. As a consequence, duck researchers using vegetation data collected when the nest was found may actually be underestimating the magnitude of the effect. This seasonal change potentially points to an important new metric for understanding predation risk, but further experimental research is required to fully eliminate potential biases in the timing of vegetation measurements.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vegetation phenology and nest survival: Diagnosing heterogeneous effects through time

Ringelman

Skaggs

2019

Ecology and Evolution

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“…6 It is estimated the annual economic loss from feral cat predation on birds in the United States amounts to $17 billion. 7 Birds make a number of significant economic contributions to the U.S. economy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Using trail cameras to estimate free‐ranging domestic cat abundance in urban areas

Elizondo

Loss

2016

Wildlife Biology

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The domestic cat Felis catus is one of the most ecologically harmful invasive species on earth. Predation by free‐ranging cats poses a serious global threat to small vertebrates and is a leading source of anthropogenic mortality for birds and small mammals in North America. However, little is known about the size of cat populations, especially in urban areas where both cats and wildlife are abundant. Methods to quantify free‐ranging cat populations are needed to understand the magnitude of threats facing wildlife populations and to inform decisions about prioritizing conservation and cat population management. We assessed the utility of trail cameras and sight—resight analysis for estimating free‐ranging cat abundance in a small urban area (Stillwater, OK, USA). We also evaluated whether relationships exist between cat abundance and both urban development intensity and human population density. Even with relatively large cat populations, we identified the vast majority (∼96.5%) of individual cats in both day‐time and night‐time photos. We found no relationship between cat abundance and either urban development intensity or human population density. This finding combined with the large numbers of cats observed suggests that cats may be abundant in our study area regardless of urban context. Sampling freeranging cat populations across a broad range of urbanization intensities that capture a variety of human behaviors and/or cat management policies is needed to shed light on the drivers of cat population abundance. Trail cameras show promise as a highly useful tool for achieving this objective in the context of wildlife conservation management.

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“…Lebbin 17 stated that the physical environments inhabited by living organisms, are fundamental to their survival.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative abundance and status of water birds in Taungthaman lake, Mandalay, Myanmar

Lwin¹,

Saw²,

Zin³

2018

IJAWB

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Relative abundance and status of bird species were studied in Taungthaman Lake, during January 2016 to December 2016. Line transect count method was carried out. A total of 27 species, distributed under 20 genera, representing 12 families and 5 orders were observed. The largest number of species was recorded in November and the lowest in August and the largest number of individuals was found in January and the lowest in July. Relative abundance indicated that seven species were found as very common (vC), only one species as common (C) and 18 species as uncommon (uC). According to the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (2015), 26 species were in the Least Concern category, one species Anhinga melanogaster was in the Near Threatened. Thus, the Taungthaman Lake supports a sound avifaunal diversity. Its proper management will not only improve the situation for its resident species, but will also attract more migratory and vagrant species in the future.

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The American Bird Conservancy Guide to Bird Conservation

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Vegetation phenology and nest survival: Diagnosing heterogeneous effects through time

Vegetation phenology and nest survival: Diagnosing heterogeneous effects through time

Using trail cameras to estimate free‐ranging domestic cat abundance in urban areas

Relative abundance and status of water birds in Taungthaman lake, Mandalay, Myanmar

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