The Airway Microbiota Signatures of Infection and Rejection in Lung Transplant Recipients

Li, Chunxi; Liu, Haiyue; Lian, Qiaoyan; Chen, Ao; You, Zhixuan; Li, Kun; Cai, Yuhang; Yuan, Lin; Pan, Jian-bing; Chen, Ju; You, Changxuan; He, Jianxing

doi:10.1128/spectrum.00344-21

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…3 , bar chart). Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect-size (LEfSe) analyses were conducted to discriminate the differential abundances of identified OTUs between healthy participants and CKD patients ( 23 ). The results of LDA score indicated statistically high levels of Escherichia marmotae , Fusobacterium mortiferum , Streptococcus pasteurianus , Bacteroides stercoris , Lactobacillus mucosae , Culturomica massiliensis , and Subdoligranulum variabile in the microbial communities of CKD patients ( Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Relevance between Gut Microbiota-Metabolites Profile and Chronic Kidney Disease with Distinct Pathogenic Factor

et al. 2023

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Relevance between Gut Microbiota-Metabolites Profile and Chronic Kidney Disease with Distinct Pathogenic Factor

et al. 2023

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“…Pneumotype MD was believed to contribute to airway remodeling, while Pneumotype Staphylococcus and Pneumotype Pseudomonas were linked to an inflammatory status with immune dysregulation and rejection [22]. The transplanted lung microbial ecosystem, transplanted lung function, and post-LT clinical course are believed to be intimately linked [64].…”

Section: Microbial Kinetics With Immune System and Graft Survival In ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiosis in lung allotransplantation and xenotransplantation: State of the art and future perspective

Jiao

Tian

et al. 2022

Health Care Science

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The respiratory tract is known to harbor a microbial community including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. New techniques contribute enormously to the identification of unknown or culture-independent species and reveal the interaction of the community with the host immune system. The existing respiratory microbiome and substantial equilibrium of the transplanted microbiome from donor lung grafts provide an extreme bloom of dynamic changes in the microenvironment in lung transplantation (LT) recipients. Dysbiosis in grafts are not only related to the modified microbial components but also involve the kinetics of the host-graft "talk," which signifies the destination of graft allograft injury, acute rejection, infection, and chronic allograft dysfunction development in short-and long-term survival. Microbiome-derived factors may contribute to lung xenograft survival when using genetically multimodified pig-derived organs. Here, we review the most advanced knowledge of the dynamics and resilience of microbial communities in transplanted lungs with various pretransplant indications. Conceptual and analytical points of view have been illustrated along the time series, gaining insight into the microbiome and lung grafts. Future endeavors on precise tools, sophisticated models, and novel targeted regimens are needed to improve the long-term survival in these patients.

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“…Lung transplantation is currently the only therapeutic option for selected patients with end-stage pulmonary disease. 1 Although survival among patients with lung transplantation has been improved over time, 2 the long-term survival after transplantation is limited. 3 It was reported that the 5-year survival after transplantation was about 60% worldwide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ceftazidime/Avibactam for the Treatment of Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection in Lung Transplant Recipients

Chen¹,

Liang²,

Ding³

et al. 2023

IDR

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Background Experience of ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ/AVI) for carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) infection in recipients after lung transplantation (LT) is relatively limited. Methods A retrospective observational study was conducted on lung transplant recipients receiving CAZ/AVI therapy for CRPA infection. The primary outcomes were the 14-day and 30-day mortality. The secondary outcomes were clinical cure and microbiological cure. Results Among 183 LT recipients, a total of 15 recipients with CRPA infection who received CAZ/AVI therapy were enrolled in this study. The mean age of recipients was 54 years and 73.3% of recipients were male. The median time from infection onset to initiation of CAZ/AVI treatment was 4 days (IQR, 3–7) and the mean duration of CAZ/AVI therapy was 10 days. CAZ/AVI was mainly administered as monotherapy in LT recipients (80%). Among these eligible recipients, 14-day and 30-day mortality were 6.7% and 13.3%, respectively. The clinical cure and microbiological cure rates of CAZ/AVI therapy were 53.3% and 60%, respectively. Three recipients (20%) experienced recurrent infection. In addition, the mean lengths of ICU stay and hospital stay were 24 days and 35 days, respectively, among LT recipients. Conclusion CAZ/AVI may be an alternative and promising regimen for CRPA eradiation in lung transplant recipients.

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The Airway Microbiota Signatures of Infection and Rejection in Lung Transplant Recipients

Abstract: Survival after LT is limited compared with other solid organ transplantations mainly due to infection- and rejection-related complications. Differentiating infection from rejection is one of the most important challenges to face after LT.

Cited by 6 publications

References 53 publications

Exploring the Relevance between Gut Microbiota-Metabolites Profile and Chronic Kidney Disease with Distinct Pathogenic Factor

Exploring the Relevance between Gut Microbiota-Metabolites Profile and Chronic Kidney Disease with Distinct Pathogenic Factor

Microbiosis in lung allotransplantation and xenotransplantation: State of the art and future perspective

Ceftazidime/Avibactam for the Treatment of Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection in Lung Transplant Recipients

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