The Air Quality Health Index and Emergency Department Visits for Otitis Media

Kousha, Termeh; Castner, Jessica

doi:10.1111/jnu.12195

Cited by 37 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…This is a strength of our study; much of the prior literature has relied either on parental self-report 6, 24, 32, 33, 34, 35 or on emergency department visits and hospitalizations 11,15, 20, 23, 36, 37 which do not capture the less-severe morbidities that are treated in pediatric care offices. Even with these clinical records, however, it is very likely that some children had one or more of the outcomes but were never seen by a doctor particularly due to the similar symptoms that these conditions can have to cold or flu.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reductions in traffic emissions over a 20-year period [1993–2012] were associated with decreases in pediatric bronchitis diagnosis and hospitalizations in Southern California 19 . Modest, positive associations between NO x , PM 2.5, and PM 10 with otitis media among children have been reported in several studies 18, 20, 21,22,23 but not others 11,24 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Associations of mobile source air pollution during the first year of life with childhood pneumonia, bronchiolitis, and otitis media

Kennedy

Pennington

Darrow

et al. 2018

Environmental Epidemiology

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Background Exposure to pollution from motor vehicles in early life may increase susceptibility to common pediatric infections. Methods We estimated associations between residential exposure to primary fine particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and carbon monoxide (CO) from traffic during the first year of life and incident pneumonia, bronchiolitis, and otitis media events by age two years in 22,441 children from the Kaiser Air Pollution and Pediatric Asthma Study, a retrospective birth cohort of children born during 2000–2010 and insured by Kaiser Permanente Georgia. Time to first clinical diagnosis of each outcome was defined using medical records. Exposure to traffic pollutants was based on observation-calibrated estimates from A Research LINE-source dispersion model for near surface releases (RLINE) and child residential histories. Associations were modeled using Cox proportional hazards models, with exposure as a continuous linear variable, a natural-log transformed continuous variable, and categorized by quintiles. Results During follow-up 2,181 children were diagnosed with pneumonia, 5,533 with bronchiolitis, and 14,373 with otitis media. We observed positive associations between early-life traffic exposures and all three outcomes; confidence intervals were widest for pneumonia as it was the least common outcome. For example, adjusted hazard ratios for a 1-unit increase in NOx on the natural log scale (a 2.7-fold increase) were 1.19 (95% CI 1.12, 1.27) for bronchiolitis, 1.17 (1.12, 1.22) for otitis media, and 1.08 (0.97, 1.20) for pneumonia. Conclusions Our results provide evidence for modest, positive associations between exposure to traffic emissions and common pediatric infections during early childhood.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Associations of mobile source air pollution during the first year of life with childhood pneumonia, bronchiolitis, and otitis media

Kennedy

Pennington

Darrow

et al. 2018

Environmental Epidemiology

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“…The research findings confirm that there is direct correlation between the AQHI and the emergency department visits for Otitis Media. (33) Application of Hong Kong equation on the selected street in Alexandria, Egypt revealed values AQHI more than 3.5 times higher than that found in China. (20) This necessitates developing an Egyptian equation to enable better justification of the Egyptian situation, and to enhance the decision-making process.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Traffic Air Quality Health Index in a Selected Street, Alexandria

Abdellatef¹,

Zaki²,

Issa³

2018

Journal of High Institute of Public Health

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Background: Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) is a scale, which was designed in Canada to help people to understand how the air quality affects their health. It measures the relationship between the air quality and health on a scale from 1 to 10+. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess traffic AQHI on one street in Alexandria, Egypt at different seasonal conditions. Methods: This was a time-series study that was conducted during the period from January 1 to December 31, 2016 at Ibrahim Sherif Street. It was accomplished by three-hour air sampling of respirable particulates (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2) and ground-level ozone (O3), during the morning rush hours. A total of 156 samples for each pollutant covered all seasonal variations and activities. After laboratory analysis, the added health risks (%AR) and AQHI were calculated using the Hong Kong equation. Results: The uppermost median value of %AR was during April [72.9 (23.4)] and the minimum was during January [32.2 (10.0)]. The traffic AQHIs in the study setting were of the serious category 10+ in almost all sampling days. The maximum %AR was during spring [70.0 (19.7)], and the minimum was during winter [40.6 (19.0)]. Conclusion: From the results of the present study, we can conclude that; the highest %AR was during April, and the minimum was during January. The traffic AQHIs in the study setting were of the serious category 10+ in almost all sampling days. The most dominating pollutant affecting the %AR and AQHI was the PM10.

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“…Similarly, epidemiological evidence supports the link between air pollution and ASOM. Many studies have reported health effects of O 3 has a strong potentially adverse health effects on various respiratory symptoms such as, dyspnea, upper airway irritation, coughing, and chest tightness [22].However, no significant association between O 3 and the prevalence of ASOM was observed in Lanzhou. Research on harmful effects of O 3 is rare in China, so further studies are needed.…”

Section: Ambient Air Pollution and Asommentioning

confidence: 96%

Analysis of the Association between environmental-meteorological factors and Acute Suppurative Otitis Media: Further Epidemiological Evidence from Lanzhou, Northwestern China

Wang¹,

Xu²,

Tian³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Objective To investigate the possible associations, lag effects and pathogenic characteristics of urban air quality on acute suppurative otitis media (ASOM）in Lanzhou, a city in Northwestern China. Methods SPSS software was used to analyze Spearman correlation between ambient environment-meteorological factors and the daily number of patient ASOM visits. The GAM of time series was used to analyze the exposure -response curve, and R software was used to calculate RR.Using above results to discuss the relationship of air pollutions , meteorological factors and morbidity of ASOM. Results The number of patients with ASOM in 2014, 2015 and 2016 were 916, 875 and 1023 respectively. There was no significant difference in three years (P=0.85). The annual visits peaked in December, the lowest in August, followed by February, Summer was less than the other three seasons. The morbidity of ASOM had a largest peak within 14 years old (53.84%), and the number of male patients 1514 (53.6%) is 1.16 times that of female patients 1309 (46.4%). Spearman correlation analysis showed that the correlation between air pollutions and environmental variables. As for single-day lag effects , there were positive correlations between PM 2.5 , PM 10 , CO, NO 2 , SO 2 and the daily number of ASOM visits, but the correlation between O 3 and ASOM did not pass the significance test . As for multi-day lag effects, PM 2.5 , PM 10 , CO, NO 2 had lagging effects on the daily number of ASOM visits, but the correlation between SO 2 and O 3 did not pass the significant test. There was a positive correlation between ATM and the daily number of patient ASOM visits, and negative correlation between T and the daily number of patient ASOM visits ,while the correlation between W, RH and ASOM was weak. Conclusions The incidence of ASOM has obvious age and seasonal characteristics. There may be some correlation between environmental-meteorological factors and the incidence of ASOM. Therefore, it is of great significance to strengthen environmental control and public health strategy in order to reduce and prevent the occurrence of ASOM diseases.

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The Air Quality Health Index and Emergency Department Visits for Otitis Media

Abstract: Clinicians can use the Air Quality Health Index as an education and advocacy tool to promote and protect the health of those at high risk for OM to reduce exposures.

Cited by 37 publications

References 29 publications

Associations of mobile source air pollution during the first year of life with childhood pneumonia, bronchiolitis, and otitis media

Associations of mobile source air pollution during the first year of life with childhood pneumonia, bronchiolitis, and otitis media

Traffic Air Quality Health Index in a Selected Street, Alexandria

Analysis of the Association between environmental-meteorological factors and Acute Suppurative Otitis Media: Further Epidemiological Evidence from Lanzhou, Northwestern China

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