“…Although the Agulhas Current has been studied many times over the last century, while its spatial characteristics have become comparatively well understood, its deep vertical structure remains virtually unknown. Accurate measurements of its volume transport have been hampered by the lack of direct velocity observations at depth, so that estimates for the volume transport of the Agulhas Current are disparate, varying by an order of magnitude from 9 to 91 Sv [Dietrich, 1935;Duncan, 1970;Lutjeharms, 1972;Darbyshire, 1972;Harris, 1972;Jacobs and Georgi ,1977;Harris & van Foreest, 1978;Toole and Warren, 1993]. A more detailed exploration of the literature is given by Beal [1997].…”