The Age at Onset of Alzheimer's Disease and an Intracranial Area Measurement

Schofield, Peter W.; Mosesson, Roger E.; Stern, Yaakov; Mayeux, Richard

doi:10.1001/archneur.1995.00540250103019

Cited by 98 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This is in keeping with the cognitive reserve theory, which predicted a younger age of onset in this group. It is further supported by the finding that smaller brain size has been associated with earlier onset of symptoms (Schofield et al 1995). An accelerated decline (Scarmeas et al 2006) and higher mortality (Geerlings et al 1999) have been noted when dementia occurs in adults with high ability or educational attainment, giving support to the idea that, in contrast to the present participants, they can tolerate some degree of pathology before developing the clinical syndrome associated with it, which then progresses faster because the pathology is more advanced.…”

Section: Age As Risk Factor For Dementia In Idmentioning

confidence: 76%

The relationship of dementia prevalence in older adults with intellectual disability (ID) to age and severity of ID

et al. 2008

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Background. Previous research has shown that adults with intellectual disability (ID) may be more at risk of developing dementia in old age than expected. However, the effect of age and ID severity on dementia prevalence rates has never been reported. We investigated the predictions that older adults with ID should have high prevalence rates of dementia that differ between ID severity groups and that the age-associated risk should be shifted to a younger age relative to the general population.Method. A two-staged epidemiological survey of 281 adults with ID without Down syndrome (DS) aged o60 years ; participants who screened positive with a memory task, informant-reported change in function or with the Dementia Questionnaire for Persons with Mental Retardation (DMR) underwent a detailed assessment. Diagnoses were made by psychiatrists according to international criteria. Prevalence rates were compared with UK prevalence and European consensus rates using standardized morbidity ratios (SMRs).Results. Dementia was more common in this population (prevalence of 18.3 %, SMR 2.77 in those aged o65 years). Prevalence rates did not differ between mild, moderate and severe ID groups. Age was a strong risk factor and was not influenced by sex or ID severity. As predicted, SMRs were higher for younger age groups compared to older age groups, indicating a relative shift in age-associated risk.Conclusions. Criteria-defined dementia is 2-3 times more common in the ID population, with a shift in risk to younger age groups compared to the general population.

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Section: Age As Risk Factor For Dementia In Idmentioning

confidence: 76%

The relationship of dementia prevalence in older adults with intellectual disability (ID) to age and severity of ID

et al. 2008

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“…Of note, various studies reporting head size-cognition associations controlled for height, weight or body mass index. In no case did this affect the significant relationship between cranial size and cognition (Schofield et al, 1995;Graves et al, 1996;Mori et al, 1997;Schofield et al, 1997;Borenstein Graves et al, 2001;Tisserand et al, 2001;DeCarli et al, 2002). Several studies implied that the effect of ICV on cognition is at least partially independent of education (Graves et al, 1996;Borenstein Graves et al, 2001;Tisserand et al, 2001;Mortimer et al, 2003;Wolf et al, 2003b) (Table 5).…”

Section: Methodological Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intracranial volume in mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia: evidence for brain reserve?

Wolf

Julin

Gertz

et al. 2004

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

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“…Longitudinal studies in patients with late-onset probable AD show accelerated rates of increase in normalized ventricular and extracerebral CSF space volumes (9 and 8%/yr, respectively) [65,66] [13]. Age of onset of AD tended to be earlier in women with smaller premorbid head size in one study using a CT -based intracranial area measurement [67].…”

Section: Imaging and Alzheimer's Diseasementioning

confidence: 95%

Quantitative Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Aging and Alzheimer's Disease; A Review

Smith

1996

Journal of Neuroimaging

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In recent aging research, quantitative techniques have been used to overcome limitations of qualitative interpretation of magnetic resonance and computed tomographic imaging. The purpose of this review is to summarize imaging results emphasizing quantitative studies using these two modalities in human aging. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy is viewed as an extension of imaging, and results of in vivo spectroscopic studies are included. Because Alzheimer's disease (AD) is closely related to aging, a discussion of quantitative imaging techniques that may distinguish normal elderly from patients with AD is included.

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The Age at Onset of Alzheimer's Disease and an Intracranial Area Measurement

Cited by 98 publications

References 13 publications

The relationship of dementia prevalence in older adults with intellectual disability (ID) to age and severity of ID

The relationship of dementia prevalence in older adults with intellectual disability (ID) to age and severity of ID

Intracranial volume in mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia: evidence for brain reserve?

Quantitative Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Aging and Alzheimer's Disease; A Review

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