The Advantages and Disadvantages of Methods Used to Control Liver Bleeding: A Review

Nouri, Saeed; Sharif, Mohammad Reza; Afzali, Hasan; Sharif, Alireza; Satkin, Mojtaba

doi:10.5812/traumamon.28088

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…[ 52 ] On the other hand, excellent results were obtained when iron(III) sulfate (Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ) was used as a promoter of the self‐etherification reaction. Iron (III) sulfate – well known for its various applications in water treatment, as a plant nutrient, and as a coagulant/hemostatic agent [ 53–56 ] – was also recently used as a catalyst for the synthesis of bio‐diesel starting from waste cooking oil. [ 57 ]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[52] On the other hand, excellent results were obtained when iron(III) sulfate (Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ) was used as a promoter of the self-etherification reaction. Iron (III) sulfate -well known for its various applications in water treatment, as a plant nutrient, and as a coagulant/hemostatic agent [53][54][55][56] -was also recently used as a catalyst for the synthesis of bio-diesel starting from waste cooking oil. [57] In our case study, HMF, in the presence of Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 , was quantitatively converted into OBMF that was recovered in 99% yield by simple filtration of the catalyst and evaporation of the reaction media (DMC).…”

Section: Acid-catalyzed Synthesis Of Obmfmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Green Synthesis of 5,5′‐[Oxybis(methylene)]bis‐2‐Furfural: from By‐Product to Attractive Bio‐Based Platform Chemical

Annatelli

Trapasso

Torre

et al. 2022

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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lignin-derived monomers, fatty acids, aliphatic alkanes/alkenes or aromatics/ phenolic, vegetable oils, terpenes, C5-C6 sugars, and their furan-based derivatives.Among these biomolecules, 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF) -first reported in 1895 -has quickly become the archetype of bio-based platform chemicals. [4][5][6][7][8] HMF is a versatile molecule with a wide range of potential applications in pharmaceuticals, [9,10] biofuels, [11][12][13] biopolymers, [14][15][16] and surfactants. [17] On the other hand, HMF also encompasses some issues such as i) the absence of a cost-efficient scale-up synthesis (currently cost being 960 € kg −1 ), [18] ii) a hydrophilic and polar behavior that prevents its recovery from aqueous media, and iii) a fast degradation due to the formation of dimers, oligomers, and humin during storage. The latter drawback has been partially solved with the addition of a small amount of stabilizer. [19] In fact, it is known that the typical dehydration conditions employed for the HMF synthesis, promote numerous secondary reactions such as (self-) etherification, esterification, aldol condensation, acetalization, and, of course, humin formation. [20] Among these by-products, 5,5′-[oxybis(methylene)]bis-2-furfural (OBMF), detected both during HMF synthesis and as a result of its spontaneous degenerative process, is indeed an interesting compound. [21] To date, OBMF has been only scarcely reported in the literature despite the fact that the first synthetic procedures to this molecule dated back to the end of the XX century. [21][22][23][24] Only in recent years, the interest in OBMF has considerably risen due to its exploitation in the synthesis of macrocycles (16-crown-6), [25] and, most importantly, as a precursor of polyurethanes, polyamides, and polyamines. [26] Table 1 and Figure 1 report an overview of the main synthetic procedures for OBMF available in the literature. Several homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts were employed.One of the first methodologies reported was the HMF selfetherification reaction (#1, 2, 7; Table 1) generally promoted by acids such as p-toluenesulfonic acid (PTSA), in non-polar organic solvents, that is, benzene, toluene or xylene. This approach was conducted also on a gram-scale, leading OBMF with a yield of up to 76%. [22,27,28] In another less efficient approach, OBMF achieved in 55% yield by thermal dehydration of HMF in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), (#3; Table 1). [23] In this work, a green synthetic approach to 5,5′-[oxybis(methylene)]bis-2-furfural (OBMF) from 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural (HMF) is reported for the first time. In the optimized reaction conditions, dimethyl carbonate (DMC) is used as the preferred green solvent and iron(III) sulfate as the best catalyst, recyclable up to three times. The HMF self-etherification reaction is conducted both in milligram-and gram-scale with isolated yields up to 99% and 81% respectively. OBMF is further derivatized via reduction to achieve 5,5′-oxybis(methylene)bis(furan-5,2-diyl)dimethanol (OBMF-H), a potential bis...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Acid-catalyzed Synthesis Of Obmfmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Green Synthesis of 5,5′‐[Oxybis(methylene)]bis‐2‐Furfural: from By‐Product to Attractive Bio‐Based Platform Chemical

Annatelli

Trapasso

Torre

et al. 2022

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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“…Bleeding is still the leading cause of mortality in patients with liver trauma [6]. Despite advances in damage control studies, minimizing bleeding from parenchymal tissue of the liver is still one of the foremost challenges amongst surgeons while trying to save human lives, especially among patients with higher grade of liver injury and higher Injury Severity Score (ISS) [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite advances in damage control studies, minimizing bleeding from parenchymal tissue of the liver is still one of the foremost challenges amongst surgeons while trying to save human lives, especially among patients with higher grade of liver injury and higher Injury Severity Score (ISS) [7]. Massive blood loss are associated with the increased rates of morbidity and mortality, which might be related to blood transfusion or blood products [6]. In other words, massive transfusion along with acidosis and hypothermia might result in coagulopathy, leading to death [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stereological Comparison of Imbibed Fibrinogen Gauze versus Simple Gauze in External Packing of Grade IV Liver Injury in Rats

Paydar

Nezhad

Karami

et al. 2019

BEAT

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Objective:To evaluate the effect of imbibed fibrinogen gauze on survival, bleeding and healing in liver trauma.Methods: This animal experimental study was conducted on 20 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats; with a mean weight of 300±50 gram; divided into two groups. Grade IV injury was induced to the subjects’ liver. Then, the bleeding site was packed with simple gauze in the control group, and imbibed fibrinogen gauze in the experimental group. All animals were re-evaluated for liver hemostasis 48 hours after the initial injury. Bleeding in the intra peritoneal cavity was measured using Tuberculosis Syringe in the first and second operations. Subjects were followed-up for 14 days. Eventually, the rats were sacrificed and their livers were sent to a lab for stereological assessment. Statistical comparisons were performed via Mann–Whitney U-test using SPSS. P-Values less than 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant.Results:Half of the rats in the control group died, while all the rats in the imbibed fibrinogen gauze group survived after two weeks (p= 0.032). Bleeding in the imbibed fibrinogen gauze was significantly less than control group, 48 hours’ post-surgery (p<0.001). According to the stereological results, granulation tissue in the imbibed fibrinogen gauze group were more than the control group (P= 0.032). Also, fibrosis in the imbibed fibrinogen gauze group were more than the control group (P= 0.014).Conclusion: Our study indicated that imbibed fibrinogen gauze can potentially control liver bleeding and improve survival through increasing granulation tissue and fibrosis in injured liver.

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“…Значительные возможности для решения данной проблемы открываются при использовании гемостатических средств местного действия [7,8,9]. Белорусскими учеными разработано новое гемостатическое средство местного действия на основе неорганических солей -«Гамастат».…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

The Arrest of Bleeding from the Liver Parenchyma by Using an Inorganic Hemostatic Agents

Zhavoronok¹,

Кондратенко²,

Гапанович³

et al. 2016

Novosti Khirurgii

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Цель. Изучить возможность применения нового местного гемостатического средства «Гамастат» в комбинации с избирательной электрокоагуляцией отдельных кровоточащих сосудов ложа желчного пузыря во время холецистэктомии.Материал и методы. Проведено сравнительное изучение результатов лечения 77 пациентов, которые были разделены на две группы. В основной группе (n=45) пациентов во время операции для остановки кровотечения из ложа желчного пузыря применен «Гамастат» и избирательная коагуляция только отдельных кровоточащих сосудов. В контрольной группе (n=32) во время холецистэктомии использовали общепринятую методику сплошной электрокоагуляции ложа желчного пузыря. Регистрировали факт остановки кровотечения после обработки раневой поверхности печени местными гемостатиками или электрокоагуляцией, исследовали динамику изменений цитологических и биохимических показателей крови, параметров плазменного гемостаза до операции и на 3 сутки после операции.Результаты. Окончательный гемостаз при использовании «Гамастата» и избирательной коагуляции отдельных кровоточащих сосудов достигается в большем числе случаев (88,9%), чем при применении сплошной электрокоагуляции ложа желчного пузыря (в 75,0% случаев). Пациентам, у которых гемостаз вышеуказанными методами не был достигнут, кровотечение из ложа желчного пузыря останавливали с помощью более обширной электрокоагуляции ложа желчного пузыря и пластины «Тахокомба». Применение «Гамастата» в сочетании с избирательной электрокоагуляцией кровоточащих сосудов в области ложа желчного пузыря обеспечивает меньшее коагуляционное повреждение печеночной паренхимы, чем при использовании сплошной электрокоагуляции, о чем свидетельствует меньшая степень проявлений цитолиза гепатоцитов.Заключение. В основной группе установлена выраженная местная гемостатическая активность «Гамастата» и достоверно меньшие проявления электрокоагуляционного повреждения печени, сопровождающиеся менее выраженным ростом показателей цитолиза гепатоцитов АлАт и АсАт по сравнению с таковыми у пациентов контрольной группы. Негативных эффектов применения «Гамастата» не наблюдалось.Ключевые слова: местные гемостатические средства, гамастат, избирательная электрокоагуляция, остановка кровотечения, кровотечение из печени, холецистэктомия, гемостаз Objectives. To study an application opportunity of a new local haemostatic agent "Gamastat" in the combination with a selective electrocoagulation of particular bleeding vessels of the gall bladder bed during cholecystectomy.Methods. The comparative study of treatment results of patients (n=77), divided into two groups has been conducted. In the main group (n=45) of patients to stop bleeding from the gallbladder bed a haemostatic agent "Gamastat" and a selective coagulation only of particular bleeding vessels have been applied during surgery versus a standard technique of a continuous electrocoagulation of the gall bladder bed in cholecystectomy, used in the control group (n=32). A bleeding arrest after treating of the liver wound surface with local haemostatic agents or electrocoagula...

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The Advantages and Disadvantages of Methods Used to Control Liver Bleeding: A Review

Cited by 8 publications

References 66 publications

A Green Synthesis of 5,5′‐[Oxybis(methylene)]bis‐2‐Furfural: from By‐Product to Attractive Bio‐Based Platform Chemical

A Green Synthesis of 5,5′‐[Oxybis(methylene)]bis‐2‐Furfural: from By‐Product to Attractive Bio‐Based Platform Chemical

Stereological Comparison of Imbibed Fibrinogen Gauze versus Simple Gauze in External Packing of Grade IV Liver Injury in Rats

The Arrest of Bleeding from the Liver Parenchyma by Using an Inorganic Hemostatic Agents

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