A convinient and simple procedure for the one-pot synthesis of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid dimethyl ester (FDME) from galactaric (mucic) acid via dimethyl carbonate (DMC) chemistry is presented. Optimization of the reaction...
Cellulose-derived photocrosslinkable polycarbonates (PCs) with renewable citronellol pendant chains were synthesised through the polycondensation of Triol-citro, a recently developed levoglucosenone-based triol monomer, and dimethoxycarbonyl isosorbide. The polymer structures were unveiled...
5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is a bio-based platform
chemical
that can be used as a building block to produce several compounds
with diverse applications. Even though HMF synthesis holds promise
for a greener future, the current state of technology and the high
production cost limit its competitiveness on an industrial scale.
In this prospect, we have developed a multigram-scale procedure for
HMF by reacting d-fructose with Purolite CT275DRan
acidic resinin a dimethyl carbonate (DMC)/tetraethyl ammonium
bromide (TEAB) biphasic system. Reactions performed in an autoclave
for 2 h at 110 °C using up to 40 gram of d-fructose
resulted in an overall HMF yield of 70%. HMF was purified by a custom-made
procedure leading to ca 50% of the pure crystalline product; meanwhile,
the residual HMF-rich oil was directly reduced to bis(hydroxymethyl)furan
(BHMF). Green metrics and the Ecoscale algorithm were used to evaluate
the sustainability of the herein-proposed procedure in comparison
with previously reported works.
Dimethyl isosorbide (DMI) is a well-known bio-based green replacement for conventional dipolar solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethylformamide. The synthesis of DMI mainly relies on the etherification of the...
The homopolymerization in basic conditions of the recently reported bis( -lactone), 2H-HBO-HBO, is herein described for the first time. The solvent-free polymerization of this pentafunctional levoglucosenone (LGO) derivative affords fully renewable poly(vinyl-ether lactone) copolymers with a highly hyperbranched structure. This investigation stems from the polycondensation trials between 2H-HBO-HBO and di(methyl carbonate) isosorbide (DCI) that fails to give the anticipated polycarbonates. Such unexpected behavior is ascribed to the higher reactivity of the 2H-HBO-HBO hydroxy groups toward its , -conjugated endocyclic C═C, rather than the DCI methylcarbonate moieties. The different mechanistic scenarios involved in 2H-HBO-HBO homopolymerization are addressed and a possible structure of poly(2H-HBO-HBO) is suggested. Furthermore, the readily accessible (S)--hydroxymethyl-, -butenolide (HBO) is also polymerized for the first time at a relatively large scale, without any prior modification, resulting in a new hyperbranched polymer with an environmental factor (E factor) ≈0. These new HBO-based polymers have a great potential for industrial-scale production due to their interesting properties and easy preparation via a low-cost, green, and efficient process.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.