The Adult Who is an Only Child: Achieving Separation or Individuation

Byrd, Barbara; DeRosa, Arnold P.; Craig, Stephen C.

doi:10.2466/pr0.1993.73.1.171

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Only children have also been thought of as more likely to be spoiled and indulged because there are no other children in the family to divert the parents' time or resources (Adler, 1927). Consequently, only children have reported feeling less autonomous than firstborn children (Byrd, DeRosa, & B i r t h O r d e r a n d C l i n i c a l J u d g m e n t Craig, 1993). Although some only children may relish being in their parents' spotlight, the only child may experience insecurities because of the parents' protectiveness and apprehensions (Leman, 1985;Pepper, 1971).…”

Section: Content Of Four Birth-order Prototypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Knowledge of Client Birth Order Bias Clinical Judgment?

Stewart

2004

Jour of Counseling & Develop

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Clinicians (N = 308) responded to identical counseling vignettes of a male client that differed only in the client's stated birth order.Clinicians developed different impressions about the client and his family experiences that corresponded with the prototypical descriptions of persons from 1 of 4 birth orders (i.e., first, middle, youngest, and only). Once the client was viewed as exemplifying a particular birth order, clinicians' prognostic ratings differed according to the client's birth order.

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Section: Content Of Four Birth-order Prototypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Knowledge of Client Birth Order Bias Clinical Judgment?

Stewart

2004

Jour of Counseling & Develop

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“…21 Also, According to a series of studies, main effects of birth order and gender are significant in the process of separation-individuation, 22 identity formation, 23 and Basic Competence Test (BCT) scores, 24 and that the only child is less autonomous than the oldest child. 22 Our findings, also, are in harmony with some of the preceding studies, which had found high correlation between narcissism and first-born children, based on Narcissistic Personality Inventory 17 and higher mean scores on the measures of pathological narcissism, based on The Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory and the Narcissistic Personality Inventory, in first-born and only children. 18 Also more significant frequency of supposed NPD among male participants in the present assessment was in harmony with the prevalence rate that has been declared by DSM-5.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison between First-Born and Second-Born Children Regarding Prevalence of Narcissistic Traits: An Appraisal of Adler’s Conjecture

Shafti¹

2017

MOJAMT

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Introduction: Adlerian theory suggests that birth order and the number of siblings affect a child's behaviour. In the present assessment, the prevalence of narcissistic traits has been compared between first-born and second born children to assess once more the aforementioned claim. Method: Six hundreds parents, among the clienteles to a medical clinic, had been asked, randomly and sequentially, to determine that which one of the traits of the narcissistic personality disorder, according to the DSM-5's diagnostic criteria, could be accounted as a distinguished characteristic of their first or second children. Result: All of the narcissistic personality traits, except one ("Is interpersonally exploitative ") were significantly more prevalent among first-born children (p<0.05). Conjectural narcissistic personality disorder (with at least five traits), too was significantly more prevalent among the first-born children in comparison with the second-born children (p<0.05), which was as well significantly more prevalent in male participants of the associated group (p<0.05). Conclusion: it seems that the first-born children show higher chance for acquiring narcissistic personality traits in comparison with the second-born children; an outcome in support of substantial role of nurture.

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“…There are some findings in the literature which point to the development of individuation as a critical component affecting psychological and social functioning, in the context of interactions with the peer group and with the spouse [30,31]. A number of studies [32,33] claim that although the development of individuation is dependent on many variables, the sibling system is an especially influential one.…”

Section: The Couple and Sibling Relationshipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Birth Order, Traits and Emotions in the Sibling System as Predictive Factors of Couple Relationships

Doron¹

2009

TOFAMSJ

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The objective of this study is to examine the connection between an individual's traits, emotional functioning and role division-which are influenced by birth order in the family of origin-and traits, emotional functioning and role division in the later spousal-couple context. 69 subjects which are either first-borns, middle or youngest children in their family of origin, were administered questionnaires measuring traits and emotions in both their past sibling and present couple system. Additionally, a role division questionnaire measured role division in their couple system. According to study's hypothesis, a correlation was found between the emotions expressed in the sibling system and in the couple system; traits were found to be correlated between the sibling and the couple systems only for first-borns and middle children. Contrary to research's hypothesis, no effect was found of birth order, on role division in the couple system. The findings' practical and methodological implications are discussed.

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The Adult Who is an Only Child: Achieving Separation or Individuation

Cited by 13 publications

References 9 publications

Can Knowledge of Client Birth Order Bias Clinical Judgment?

Can Knowledge of Client Birth Order Bias Clinical Judgment?

Comparison between First-Born and Second-Born Children Regarding Prevalence of Narcissistic Traits: An Appraisal of Adler’s Conjecture

Birth Order, Traits and Emotions in the Sibling System as Predictive Factors of Couple Relationships

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