The adult Drosophila gastric and stomach organs are maintained by a multipotent stem cell pool at the foregut/midgut junction in the cardia (proventriculus)

Nutritional regulation of stem and progenitor cells in Drosophila

“…Gastric stem cells are found at the junction of foregut and midgut. They self-renew and give rise to progenitors in both the foregut (which differentiate into crop cells) and the anterior midgut (which differentiate into midgut cells) (Singh et al, 2011). The hindgut ISCs reside in a narrow segment between the midgut and hindgut boundary and are marked by high levels of JAK/STAT signaling (Takashima et al, 2008;Takashima and Hartenstein, 2012).…”

“…5A), which correspond to the esophagus/stomach, small intestine and large intestine/colon of the mammalian digestive system, respectively (Singh et al, 2011). The foregut and hindgut are of ectodermal origin, whereas the midgut derives from the endoderm.…”

Enteroendocrine cells are generated from stem cells through a distinct progenitor in the adult Drosophila posterior midgut

“…In Drosophila melanogaster, FLP/FRT, an alternative site-specific recombination system originally identified in yeast, has been predominantly used, with great success, to generate a genetic mosaic for clonal analysis (Chou and Perrimon, 1996;Golic and Lindquist, 1989;Lee and Luo, 1999;Xu and Rubin, 1993). These experiments depend on inducing recombination in a few isolated progenitor cells, followed by clonal expansion of these recombined cells (Decotto and Spradling, 2005;Micchelli and Perrimon, 2006;Ohlstein and Spradling, 2006;Singh et al, 2007Singh et al, , 2011Strand and Micchelli, 2011;Tulina and Matunis, 2001;Xie and Spradling, 1998). The mosaic clonal systems are effective for identifying a marked cell lineage, but they are not ideal for accurately identifying the origin of individual marked cells.…”

Application of the Mesolens for subcellular resolution imaging of intact larval and whole adult Drosophila

“…The Mesolens, with its unusual combination of low magnification and high numerical aperture, solves the size problem without compromising image resolution (McConnell et al ., 2016), but the impermeability of the cuticle prevents the use of many preparative methods. Dissection overcomes the second problem and has allowed the observations, including those with photoproteins or hybridization probes at the highest resolution of a conventional microscope (Singh et al ., 2011; Nern et al ., 2015; Long et al ., 2017), but provides no spatial information about the original relationship of the dissected structures. Paraffin sectioning is slow and often fails to preserve antigens and fine structure (Demerec, 2008).…”