The administration of Lactobacillus plantarum directly to food: An effective way to improve the survival and growth of juvenile lined seahorses ( Hippocampus erectus )

Abstract

Previously, we found Lactobacillus plantarum had probiotic effects on lined seahorse (Hippocampus erectus) juveniles by the addition Lactobacillus directly into rearing seawater containing juveniles and their food (i.e. copepods). However, how the juveniles consumed Lactobacillus, directly from water or from copepods in whose guts Lactobacillus may have accumulated by ingestion, is still unclear. To clarify this, three experiments were successively carried out in this study. In the first experiment, the manner by which juveniles consumed Lactobacillus, namely, directly from food, was discovered via a 2 × 2 factorial design with two factors of water and food, and two levels with and without L. plantarum. In the second experiment, a 5 × 4 factorial design with five levels of L. plantarum doses (D: 5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 × 108 cfu/L) and four levels of enrichment time (T: 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 hr) was conducted to analyse lactic acid bacteria (LAB) contents in the enriched copepods under different treatments. In the third experiment, six kinds of Lactobacillus‐enriched copepods chosen from the second experiment that carried significantly different LAB contents were fed to juveniles, and it was found that the copepods containing LAB greater than 5 log10colonies/g had the most improved effects for survival and growth. In conclusion, the effective manner of L. plantarum administration in seahorses is by the addition to their food. Additionally, D40 * T1.0, whose LAB content was more than 5 log10colonies/g, is generally the most economic copepod treatment for improving survival and growth in H. erectus rearing.

Evaluation of single and multispecies probiotic applications for the prevention of Motile Aeromonads Septicaemia in gourami, Osphronemus gourami

“…Probiotic bacteria Bacillus NP5 Rif R and L. plantarum Cip R can increase amylase and lipase enzymes that can trigger the production of essential fatty acids by lipid digestion and assimilation of these essential fatty acids, resulting in higher growth in fish. This is reinforced by the opinion of Lin et al (2019) that efficient lipid utilisation from feed supplemented with L. plantarum can increase lipase activity in muscle tissue and peritoneal cavity in tilapia.…”

Effects of different temperatures and diets on nutritional and bio‐functional components in the juvenile lined seahorse (Hippocampus erectus)

“…To determine the optimal water temperature and feeding strategy for culture of the lined seahorse from a nutritional perspective, the influences of different temperatures and diets on nutritional and bio‐functional components in the lined seahorse were investigated in the present study. In the present study, three types of feeds, including copepod, brine shrimp, and frozen mysis, commonly used in juvenile seahorse rearing (e.g., Huang et al, 2020; Lin et al, 2019; Payne & Rippingale, 2000) were investigated.…”