The administration of estrogens, combined with anti-androgens, has beneficial effects on the hormonal features and asymmetric dimethyl-arginine levels, in women with the polycystic ovary syndrome

Charitidou, Christina; Farmakiotis, Dimitrios; Zournatzi, V.; Pidonia, Ifigenia; Pegiou, Theodosia; Karamanis, Nikolaos; Hatzistilianou, Maria; Katsikis, Ilias; Panidis, Dimitrios

doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2007.03.002

Cited by 48 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…A borderline but interesting decrease in ET-1 was also observed, possibly further indicating the beneficiary effect estrogens, combined with antiandrogens, have on endothelial function in women with this syndrome. The results of the present study are in agreement with previously published evidence regarding an inhibitory effect of estrogenic compounds on ADMA production (Charitidou et al, 2008).…”

Section: Oral Contraceptives May Further Exacerbate the Metabolic Prosupporting

confidence: 93%

“…One of these adipokines is visfatin, whose mRNA levels are increased in the adipose tissue of women with PCOS (Panidis et al, 2008, as cited in Repci et al, 2011Carmina et al, 2009) and who has recently been shown to be positively associated with LH, androstenedione, and free testosterone levels, and negatively with SHBG (Panidis et al, 2008;Kowalska et al, 2007;Gen et al, 2009, as cited in Repaci et al, 2011Pepene CE, 2011). Adiponectin and leptin are another two adipokines involved in the mediation of systemic inflammation, whose relationship with androgens is the subject of conflicting results (Page et al, 2005;Seftel, 2005;Yilmaz et al, 2009, as cited in Repaci et al, 2011.…”

Section: Androgen Excess and Low-grade Chronic Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Status - A Risk Factor for Future Cardiovascular Disease

Ilie¹,

Ilie²,

Mocan³

et al. 2012

Recent Advances in Cardiovascular Risk Factors

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Section: Oral Contraceptives May Further Exacerbate the Metabolic Prosupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Androgen Excess and Low-grade Chronic Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Status - A Risk Factor for Future Cardiovascular Disease

Ilie¹,

Ilie²,

Mocan³

et al. 2012

Recent Advances in Cardiovascular Risk Factors

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“…The exact mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of PCOS are still unclear, but high levels of androgens are considered to play a crucial role in the etiology. PCOS patients suffer from dyslipidemia, obesity and metabolic syndrome (Wild 2002, Glueck et al 2009), resulting in an increased risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases including hypertension and atherosclerosis (Charitidou et al 2008, Wild et al 2010, Goodarzi et al 2011, de Groot et al 2011). This predisposition is further aggravated by the associated endothelial dysfunction (Lakhani et al 2005, Hudecova et al 2010.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ADMA is a competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), thus increased ADMA levels can lead to decreased vascular relaxation. ADMA levels are often increased in cardiovascular diseases (Charitidou et al 2008, Bayrak et al 2012. Endothelial dysfunction in women with PCOS is often assessed by measuring flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery and intima media thickness of the carotid artery (CIMT).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the vascular responses in a murine model of polycystic ovary syndrome

Labruijere

Houten

Vries

et al. 2013

Journal of Endocrinology

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of the reproductive age, but the exact pathophysiological mechanisms involved remain unclear. Cardiovascular disease risk is increased in PCOS patients and endothelial damage has been observed. We recently developed a mouse model of PCOS with reproductive and metabolic characteristics resembling those observed in women with PCOS. In this model we studied vascular function with particular emphasis on markers of vascular endothelial function. Animals were treated for 90 days with dihydrotestosterone (DHT; 27.5 mg/day) or placebo using subcutaneous continuous-release pellets. Aortas were isolated for isometric force recordings in organ baths to investigate endothelial and vascular smooth muscle characteristics. Lungs were used to analyze endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression and phosphorylation. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels were investigated in serum to assess endothelial damage. Expression of androgen receptor (Ar) mRNA was studied in aortas. DHT treatment (compared with placebo) induced i) a significant decrease in acetylcholine-induced aortic relaxations, with no change in calcitonin generelated peptide-or sodium nitroprusside-induced relaxations, as well as 5-hydroxytryptamine-induced contractions; ii) no change in eNOS expression/phosphorylation in lungs or in plasma ADMA levels; and iii) a twofold increase in aortic AR expression. Our results suggest that, in DHT-exposed mice, hyperandrogenemia specifically decreases endotheliumdependent vasorelaxation without deterioration of smooth muscle function. This study may initiate further investigations to elucidate underlying mechanism for the phenotype that is present in these animals, as well as in PCOS patients.

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“…However, clinical studies linking oxidative stress and anovulation in PCOS are lacking, although from in vitro studies oxidative stress has been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism in PCOS (18)(19)(20). Oxidative stress represented by elevated serum levels of advanced glycosylated end products (AGEs) and increased expression of their multiple ligand receptor on macrophages in PCOS have been demonstrated recently.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-mullerian hormone is associated with advanced glycosylated end products in lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Diamanti-Kandarakis

Piouka

Livadas

et al. 2009

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Objective: Oocyte maturation process characterizes polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The mechanisms of this abnormality leading to chronic anovulation are under investigation. Advanced glycosylated end products (AGEs), a marker of oxidative stress linked with oocyte maturation are localized in granulosa cells and are increased in sera, in women with PCOS. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship, whether there is an association between the anti-mullerian hormone (AMH), a hormone produced by granulosa cells and AGEs in ovulatory and anovulatory PCOS (PCOS-Anov), as well as in non-PCOS anovulatory (Non-PCOS Anov) women. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Data from sixty women with PCOS (37 anovulatory and 23 regularly ovulating) were compared with eleven Non-PCOS Anov women and 25 normal women. In each subject biochemical, hormonal, and ultrasonographic parameters were studied. Results: AMH values were statistically significantly higher in PCOS-Anov (7.63G3.12) in comparison with ovulatory PCOS (PCOS-Ov; 4.92G2.50), Non-PCOS Anov (3.66G1.4), and controls (4.02G1.27 ng/ml). AGEs demonstrated a similar pattern: 8.70G1.65 in PCOS-Anov, 7.43G1.79, PCOS-Ov, 5.21G0.09, Non-PCOS Anov, and 5.85G0.89 U/ml in controls (P!0.005 for all comparison respectively). Follicle number was significantly higher in PCOS-Anov in comparison with other groups. A significant positive correlation between AMH and AGEs was observed (r: 0.326, P!0.01), and with the estimated AMH/AGEs ratio to follicle number (r: 0.42, P: 0.0001) and the presence of anovulation. Conclusions: These data suggest that an oxidative marker, AGEs, and AMH, may interact in the anovulatory mechanisms in women with PCOS.

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The administration of estrogens, combined with anti-androgens, has beneficial effects on the hormonal features and asymmetric dimethyl-arginine levels, in women with the polycystic ovary syndrome

Cited by 48 publications

References 37 publications

The Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Status - A Risk Factor for Future Cardiovascular Disease

The Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Status - A Risk Factor for Future Cardiovascular Disease

Analysis of the vascular responses in a murine model of polycystic ovary syndrome

Anti-mullerian hormone is associated with advanced glycosylated end products in lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome

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