The adjustment of Army illiterates.

A Study of Active Duty Military Personnel With the MMPI-2

“…One important early use of the MMPI involved the selection of military personnel for special duty assignments such as aviation training (Cerf, 1947;Fulkerson, Freud, & Raynor, 1958;Fulkerson & Sells, 1958;Garetz & Tierney, 1962;Geist & Boyd, 1980;Goorney, 1970;Jennings, 1948) or nuclear submarine training and naval diver training (Cook & Wherry, 1949;Weybrew, 1974Weybrew, , 1978Weybrew & Noddin, 1979). The MMPI has also been used extensively in evaluating training (Jensen & Rotter, 1947) and in predicting training failures (Altus, 1945;Altus & Bell, 1945;Bloom, 1977;Callan, 1972;Crook, 1944;Ekman, Friesen, & Lutzker, 1962;Lachar, 1974). Two additional areas of research in which the MMPI was widely used in the military service involved: (a) studies on the effects of harsh environmental conditions on human adjustment, such as with Naval personnel wintering in the Antarctic (Blackburn, Shurley, & Natani, 1973;Butcher & Ryan, 1974) and remote Alaskan stations (McCollum, 1951); and (b) the effects of imprisonment in a prisoner of war camp on later psychological adjustment (Sutker, Winstead, Goist, Malow, & Allain, 1986;Ursano, Wheatley, Sledge, Rahe, & Carlson, 1986;Wheatley & Ursano, 1982).…”

Clinical use of the Altus Thirty-Six Point Adjustment Test in screening Army A.W.O.L.'s.

“…The correlations mentioned above make it possible that the 36-points (or the 12 points if time were of the essence) would prove very effective in screening in a civilian agency to determine whether the longer MMPI should be given. It is a valid, efficient, time-saving indicator of prob-able neurotic tendency, not only in terms of overt behavior [1] but also in its relation, as shown in the present paper, to the "neurotic triad" of the MMPI. SUMMARY 1.…”

“…[8, p. 107] One such screening test is the basis of the present paper. The writer had considerable experience in administering the Adjustment Test developed by Altus [1] for use with illiterates, and felt that it might have even wider application. The test was administered orally, the responses being recorded in abbreviated form.…”

Adjustment and food aversions among Army illiterates.

“…Data on a similar check list, containing 8 of Wallen's 20 foods, are given for 100 illiterate Army soldiers. A Pearsonian rof .497 is reported between the present food check list, orally presented, and a 36-point measure of adjustment [1,2], also orally presented. There appears reason to believe that the validity of a food-disgust item is contingent upon the socio-economic level of the population studied.…”

“…An imperfect, though relatively valid external criterion for checking the validity of food dislikes as a measure of adjustment was available. This external criterion was a 36-point, orally-administered measure of adjustment which has been previously described [1,2]. This adjustment test was shown in these earlier publications to be fairly valid in (a) its association with the type of disposition which the illiterate earned, i.e., whether he would be discharged to civilian life or retained in the Army, (b) the number of times he would present himself on sick call, and (c) whether the illiterate was enuretic or not.…”