The Additive Coordination Effect on Hybrids Perovskite Crystallization and High‐Performance Solar Cell

Li, Liang; Chen, Yihua; Liu, Zonghao; Chen, Qi; Wang, Xindong; Zhou, Huanping

doi:10.1002/adma.201603021

Cited by 281 publications

(203 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…3,7 Similarly, high quality perovskite layers can be produced in a two-steps method where a thin homogeneous layer of PbI 2 is prepared via the coordination complex with either DMSO, 14 H 2 O 15 and more recently with acetonitrile. 16 In this case, the weakly bound additive is displaced by the subsequent addition of either MAI or FAI, followed by a thermal treatment. Similarly to DMSO, water molecules are highly coordinating molecules known to be key players during degradation and crystallization of the perovskite layer.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation criteria of high efficiency perovskite solar cells under ambient conditions

Aranda

Cristobal

Shooshtari

et al. 2017

Sustainable Energy Fuels

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The field of lead halide perovskites for solar cell applications has recently reported impressive power conversion (PCE) above 22 % using complex mixed cation formulations. Very importantly, highest PCE have been obtained using totally dry environmental conditions increasing the processing costs (i.e. use of glovebox). In this work devices processed in air under different ambient conditions are prepared with PCE approaching 19 % for the simplest lead halide perovskite (MAPbI 3 , MA= Methyl ammonium). It is shown that the PbI 2 :MAI:additive complex needs to be generated in the correct stoichiometry (1:1:1) where additives are any highly polar molecule able to stabilize the complex (i.e. H 2 O or Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO)). At high humidity conditions H 2 O is incorporated into the complex and only small concentrations of further additives are needed. Precursor formulations not adequately balanced for the humidity conditions lead to films with poor morphology as evidenced by SEM. These films show negative multiiodide plumbate chemical defects as observed by absorbance measurements. These chemical defects act as recombination centers reducing the photocurrent and Fill Factor in photovoltaic devices. In addition, it is shown the undesirable high conductivity of the perovskite hydrates (8x10 -1 Scm -1 ), up to seven orders of magnitude higher than the pure MAPbI 3 , indicating that the presence of hydrates may act as shunting pathways that can significantly reduce the open circuit potential.

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confidence: 99%

Formation criteria of high efficiency perovskite solar cells under ambient conditions

Aranda

Cristobal

Shooshtari

et al. 2017

Sustainable Energy Fuels

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“…It is thus urgent to explore a method to gain high-quality films and improve perovskite crystallization. In previous studies on the MAPbI 3 perovskite, the additive method was an effective way to control perovskite crystallization and growth in simple solution chemistry [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. In general, additives can be divided into several types: Organic molecules [25,[27][28][29]36,37], inorganic or ammonium salts [23,[30][31][32][33][34][35], polymers [26] and ionic liquids [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CH3NH3Cl Assisted Solvent Engineering for Highly Crystallized and Large Grain Size Mixed-Composition (FAPbI3)0.85(MAPbBr3)0.15 Perovskites

Zhang

et al. 2017

Crystals

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High-quality mixed-cation lead mixed-halide (FAPbI 3 ) 0.85 (MAPbBr 3 ) 0.15 perovskite films have been prepared using CH 3 NH 3 Cl additives via the solvent engineering method. The UV/Vis result shows that the addition of additives leads to enhanced absorptions. XRD and SEM characterizations suggest that compact, pinhole-free and uniform films can be obtained. This is attributable to the crystallization improvement caused by the CH 3 NH 3 Cl additives. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the F-doped SnO 2 (FTO)/compact-TiO 2 /perovskite/Spiro-OMeTAD/Ag device increases from 15.3% to 16.8% with the help of CH 3 NH 3 Cl additive.

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“…), solution deposition is a simple and low-cost way to fabricate high efficiency PSCs. [5][6][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] Several researches have been reported in obtaining high quality perovskite films based on growth engineering, solvent engineering and so on. In 2016, M. Dar and his coworkers studied the impact of chloride on the conversion of lead halide into CH3NH3PbI3.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are very few reports on the function and effect of weak coordination solvent in the anti-solvent process. [23,32] Especially for multi-ion perovskite materials, the growth control of perovskite films are important. Weak coordination solvents could effectively adjust the balance between the reduction of grain boundaries and the modification of films based on their low boiling point, good volatility and low solubility of perovskite relative to strong polar solvents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stitching triple cation perovskite by a mixed anti-solvent process for high performance perovskite solar cells

et al. 2017

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With the rapid development of organic-inorganic lead halide perovskite photovoltaics, increasingly more attentions are paid to explore the growth mechanism and precisely control the quality of perovskite films. In this study, we propose a "stitching effect" to fabricate high quality perovskite films by using chlorobenzene (CB) as an anti-solvent and isopropyl alcohol (IPA) as an additive into this anti-solvent. Because of the existence of IPA, CB can be efficiently released from the gaps of perovskite precursors and the perovskite film formation can be slightly modified in a controlled manner. More homogeneous surface morphology and larger grain size of perovskite films were achieved via this process. The reduced grain boundaries ensure low surface defect density and good carrier transport in the perovskite layer. Meanwhile, we also performed the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to investigate the film growth mechanism of unannealed and annealed perovskite films. Solar cells fabricated by using the "stitching effect" exhibited a best efficiency of 19.2%. Our results show that solvent and solvent additives dramatically influenced the formation and crystallization processes for perovskite materials due to their different coordination and extraction capabilities. This method presents a new path towards controlling the growth and morphology of perovskite films.

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The Additive Coordination Effect on Hybrids Perovskite Crystallization and High‐Performance Solar Cell

Abstract: The coordination effects of additives during perovskite crystal growth are investigated, and a novel technique to fabricate high-quality perovskite thin films by introduction of weak coordination additives (e.g., acetonitrile) in the precursors is demonstrated.

Cited by 281 publications

References 36 publications

Formation criteria of high efficiency perovskite solar cells under ambient conditions

Formation criteria of high efficiency perovskite solar cells under ambient conditions

CH3NH3Cl Assisted Solvent Engineering for Highly Crystallized and Large Grain Size Mixed-Composition (FAPbI3)0.85(MAPbBr3)0.15 Perovskites

Stitching triple cation perovskite by a mixed anti-solvent process for high performance perovskite solar cells

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