The Acute Effects of Swimming Exercise on PGC-1α-FNDC5/Irisin-UCP1 Expression in Male C57BL/6J Mice

Cho, Eunhee; Jeong, Da Yeon; Kim, Jae Geun; Lee, Sewon

doi:10.3390/metabo11020111

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Therefore, SA/JA antagonism may play a role in the outcome to PWN inoculation in P. pinaster , with the activation of SA pathway in susceptible plants and JA pathway in resistant ones, at 72hpi. In a recent study where hormone levels were analyzed for another P. pinaster family described in Carrasquinho et al ( 2018 ), high levels of SA and jasmonic acid methyl ester (JA-ME) were detected in susceptible plants at 72 hpi (Rodrigues et al, 2021 ), supporting an important role for SA in PWN susceptibility. In P. thurnbergii , the induction of JA and SA responsive genes was also observed in susceptible plants (Hirao et al, 2012 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Bursaphelenchus xylophilus isolate Bx013.003 (Carrasquinho et al, 2018 ; Rodrigues et al, 2021 ) was obtained from an infested field tree exhibiting wilting symptoms in central Portugal (39°43′33.8 ′′ N, 9°01′55.7 ′′ W) and was included in the collection of INIAV's Nematology Laboratory, Oeiras, Portugal. The sequence of the ITS region is available at GenBank (NCBI) under the accession number MF611984.1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, higher lignification seemed to limit PWN migration in resistant P. thunbergii plants (Kusumoto et al, 2014 ). Recently, susceptibility in P. pinaster was associated with the activation of SA and JA pathways, as part of an inefficient trigger of the hypersensitive response (Rodrigues et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insights Into the Mechanisms Implicated in Pinus pinaster Resistance to Pinewood Nematode

et al. 2021

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Pine wilt disease (PWD), caused by the plant–parasitic nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, has become a severe environmental problem in the Iberian Peninsula with devastating effects in Pinus pinaster forests. Despite the high levels of this species' susceptibility, previous studies reported heritable resistance in P. pinaster trees. Understanding the basis of this resistance can be of extreme relevance for future programs aiming at reducing the disease impact on P. pinaster forests. In this study, we highlighted the mechanisms possibly involved in P. pinaster resistance to PWD, by comparing the transcriptional changes between resistant and susceptible plants after infection. Our analysis revealed a higher number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in resistant plants (1,916) when compared with susceptible plants (1,226). Resistance to PWN is mediated by the induction of the jasmonic acid (JA) defense pathway, secondary metabolism pathways, lignin synthesis, oxidative stress response genes, and resistance genes. Quantification of the acetyl bromide-soluble lignin confirmed a significant increase of cell wall lignification of stem tissues around the inoculation zone in resistant plants. In addition to less lignified cell walls, susceptibility to the pine wood nematode seems associated with the activation of the salicylic acid (SA) defense pathway at 72 hpi, as revealed by the higher SA levels in the tissues of susceptible plants. Cell wall reinforcement and hormone signaling mechanisms seem therefore essential for a resistance response.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insights Into the Mechanisms Implicated in Pinus pinaster Resistance to Pinewood Nematode

et al. 2021

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“…Second, we did not measure circulating FGF21 and irisin concentrations in blood of mice. Although it is a significant shortcoming of our data, previous studies reported that the increase of blood FGF21 and irisin concentrations by exercise are accompanied by the increase of FGF21 and FNDC5 contents of skeletal muscle (Cho et al, 2021;Tanimura et al, 2016). Therefore, we guessed that the increase of FGF21 contents of skeletal muscle is involved in the browning of WAT.…”

Section: Adipose Tissue Browning-related Proteins In Skeletal Musclementioning

confidence: 76%

Effects of exercise intensity on white adipose tissue browning and its regulatory signals in mice

Tanimura

Kobayashi

Shirai

et al. 2022

Physiological Reports

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Adipose tissue has been classified into white adipose tissue (WAT), brown adipose tissue (BAT), and beige adipose tissue the latter of which is produced as WAT changes into BAT due to exposure to cold temperature or exercise. In response to these stimulations, WAT produces heat by increasing mitochondrial contents and the expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), thus facilitating browning. Exercise is known to be one of the triggers for WAT browning, but the effects of exercise intensity on the browning of WAT remain to be unclear.Therefore, in this study, we aimed to examine the effects of high-or low-intensity exercises on the browning of WAT. Mice performed high-or low-intensity running on a treadmill running 3 days a week for four weeks. As per our findings, it was determined that four weeks of running did not significantly reduce inguinal WAT (iWAT) wet weight but did significantly reduce adipocytes size, regardless of exercise intensity. The protein expression level of UCP1 was significantly increased in iWAT by high-intensity running. In addition, the expression of oxidative phosphorylation proteins (OXPHOS) in iWAT was significantly increased by high-intensity running. These results demonstrated that high-intensity exercise might be effective for increasing mitochondrial contents and heat production capacity in iWAT. Furthermore, we found that high-intensity running increased the protein expression level of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) in skeletal muscle compared with that in low intensity running. We have also examined the relationship between browning of WAT and the expression of FGF21 in skeletal muscle and found a positive correlation between the protein expression of UCP1 in iWAT and the protein expression of FGF21 in gastrocnemius muscle. In conclusion, we suggest that high-intensity exercise is effective for the browning of WAT and the increase of FGF21 in skeletal muscle.

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“…Therefore, acute exercise may regulate the expression of PGC-1α and Ucp1 to achieve browning of WAT. Eunhee C et al [ 57 ] showed that 90 min of acute swimming exercise could lead to increased expression of the Fndc5 gene and protein in soleus muscle and increased Fndc5 protein in gastrocnemius muscle. Consistently, the protein expression of Ucp1 was increased in scWAT.…”

Section: Effects Of Different Exercise Programs On Promoting the Browning Of Watmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise-Mediated Browning of White Adipose Tissue: Its Significance, Mechanism and Effectiveness

Zhu

Chen

et al. 2021

IJMS

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As a metabolic organ, adipose tissue plays an important role in regulating metabolism. In adults, most adipose tissue is white adipose tissue (WAT), and excessive expansion of WAT will lead to obesity. It is worth noting that exercise can reduce the fat mass. There is also a lot of evidence that exercise can promote the browning of WAT, which is beneficial for metabolic homeostasis. Multiple factors, including reactive oxygen species (ROS), metabolites, nervous system, exerkines and lipolysis can facilitate exercise-mediated browning of WAT. In this review, the roles and the underlying mechanisms of exercise-mediated browning of WAT are summarized. The effects of different styles of exercise on the browning of WAT are also discussed, with the aim to propose better exercise strategies to enhance exercise-mediated browning of WAT, so as to promote metabolic health. Finally, the different reactivity of WAT at different anatomical sites to exercise-mediated browning is reviewed, which may provide potential suggestion for people with different fat loss needs.

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The Acute Effects of Swimming Exercise on PGC-1α-FNDC5/Irisin-UCP1 Expression in Male C57BL/6J Mice

Cited by 17 publications

References 32 publications

Insights Into the Mechanisms Implicated in Pinus pinaster Resistance to Pinewood Nematode

Insights Into the Mechanisms Implicated in Pinus pinaster Resistance to Pinewood Nematode

Effects of exercise intensity on white adipose tissue browning and its regulatory signals in mice

Exercise-Mediated Browning of White Adipose Tissue: Its Significance, Mechanism and Effectiveness

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