The activity-based methodology to assess ship emissions - A review

Nunes, Rafael A. O.; Alvim-Ferraz, M.C.M.; Martins, F.G.; Sousa, Sofia

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2017.07.099

Cited by 123 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Shipping emissions are not measured directly-all the existing data are estimates produced by applying specific methods [140]. Available methods can be grouped into three main categories depending on the specific estimation approach they use [103,141]: The first approach combines data on marine fuel sales and fuel-related emission factors, but does not consider actual maritime activities. The second approach uses more detailed information on ship characteristics, as well as operational data for both port and marine activities, combined with emissions and load factors.…”

Section: Rq4: Is There An Objective Way To Assess the Technical Possimentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards the IMO’s GHG Goals: A Critical Overview of the Perspectives and Challenges of the Main Options for Decarbonizing International Shipping

2020

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The Initial Strategy on reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from ships adopted by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in 2018 commits the IMO to reduce total GHG emissions of shipping by at least 50% by 2050. Though the direction of the Strategy is clear, the path to implementation remains uncertain. The ambitious IMO’s target calls for widespread uptake of lower and zero-carbon fuels, in addition to other energy efficiency measures, including operational and market ones. Using a triangulated research approach, this paper provides a critical overview of the main measures and initiatives the shipping industry can adopt to try to cope with the new IMO’s requirements. The pros and cons of the most popular emission reduction options are investigated along with the main challenges and barriers to implementation and the potential facilitators that could foster a wider application. The framework that is outlined is complex and not without controversy. Research can play a key role as a facilitator of shipping’s decarbonization by providing its contribution to overcoming the existing controversies on various decarbonization options and by developing a wealth of knowledge that can encourage the implementation of low-carbon initiatives.

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Section: Rq4: Is There An Objective Way To Assess the Technical Possimentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards the IMO’s GHG Goals: A Critical Overview of the Perspectives and Challenges of the Main Options for Decarbonizing International Shipping

2020

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“…Considering PM 10 emissions in European countries, the authors accounted emissions ranging from 10 to 1500 t/year. This report also highlights Portugal's emissions as the highest, quoting a study conducted on four Portuguese harbours [48].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Monitoring of Ultrafine Particles in the Surrounding Urban Area of In-Land Passenger Ferries

Lopes¹,

Russo²,

Gouveia³

et al. 2019

JEP

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Maritime transportation, widely used both in international transport of goods and touristic purposes, has been identified as a significant source of ultrafine particles (UFP). Inland passenger ferry is a source of UFP far less addressed; however, in locations with relatively high frequency of this transportation mode, it is expected that they contribute to an increase of their concentration. Moreover, the negative effects of UFP on human health and environment are known and therefore, monitoring UFP produced by ferries is vital to assess the degree of exposure of who work or live close to ferries' terminals or downwind to their cruising path. This work aims to study the influence of inland ferries activities on UFP in the urban/suburban areas near ferries' terminals and downwind across the cruising path. The UFP monitoring campaign was carried out from September to December 2018 for 19 non-consecutive periods. The sampling sites were chosen in order to maximize measurements under downwind conditions and allow the association between ferry operation and UFP concentration response. Based on data collected, correlation analysis was performed between ferry's traffic and particle number counting (PNC) of UFP, and also with meteorological variables. Results show an increase in PNC ranging from 25 to 197% during the third minute around a ferry movement and are moderate to positive significant correlations between PNC values and the number of ferry operations (r = 0.79 to r = 0.94), showing that UFP emitted by inland ferries contributes to PNC increase. Moreover, negative correlations

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“…So far, AIS data seem to be the most reliable and accurate approach to describe shipping activities (Nunes et al, 2017).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feature Analysis of Ship Emission Under China’s ECA Policy: A Perspective from Shanghai

Zhu

2018

International Journal of Management and Sustainability

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The activity-based methodology to assess ship emissions - A review

Cited by 123 publications

References 55 publications

Towards the IMO’s GHG Goals: A Critical Overview of the Perspectives and Challenges of the Main Options for Decarbonizing International Shipping

Towards the IMO’s GHG Goals: A Critical Overview of the Perspectives and Challenges of the Main Options for Decarbonizing International Shipping

Monitoring of Ultrafine Particles in the Surrounding Urban Area of In-Land Passenger Ferries

Feature Analysis of Ship Emission Under China’s ECA Policy: A Perspective from Shanghai

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