The Acquisition, Production and Dissemination of Geospatial Data for Emergency Management and Preservation of Cultural Heritage

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The crisis management of a disaster, whether caused naturally or by human action, requires a thorough knowledge of the territory involved, with regard to both its terrain and its developed areas. Therefore, it is essential that the National Mapping and Cadastral Agencies (NMCAs) and all other public and scientific institutions responsible for the production of geospatial information closely co-operate in making their data in that field available. This crucial sharing of geographic information is a top-level priority, not only in a disaster emergency situation, but also for effective urban and environmental planning and Cultural Heritage protection and preservation. Geospatial data-sharing, responding to the needs of all institutions involved in disaster surveying operations, is fundamental, as a priority, to the task of avoiding loss of human lives. However, no less important is the acquisition, dissemination and use of this data, in addition to direct, "in-the-field" operations of specialists in geomatics, in order to preserve the Cultural Heritage located in the crisis area. It is in this context that an NMCA such as the Italian Military Geographic Institute (IGMI) plays a key role .

Rescue Management and Assessment of Structural Damage by Uav in Post-Seismic Emergency

“…Therefore it is necessary that all organizations / institutions that create or manage geospatial data, in any form or modality, work together in close coordination; in this way the amount of data can be produced and distributed to help the management of "ordinary" situations and the preparation of properly managed crisis situations. Hence helping institutions in charge of attending on the territory in a situation of difficulty or emergency is an absolute priority to avoid loss of life as much as possible (Santoro, 2017). For example, focusing on the initial stage of an emergency, which corresponds to the hours immediately following the occurrence of disastrous events, several organizations do activate.…”

“…Civil Protection took full advantage of the possibilities offered by Copernicus EMS and more than 100 maps of the interested areas were produced, fully drawing on all the existing data available on social media to obtain the "most reliable" information in the shortest possible time. Finally, we mention the important role played by the Italian constellation of COSMO-SkyMed satellites, consisting of four satellites equipped with radar, whose data were used to quickly assess the extent and impact of damages, by carrying out high precision data and taking responsibility for detecting changes between the two subsequent seismic events (Santoro, 2017). Figure 1 shows a classification map of the damages referred to Arquata del Tronto with the number of destroyeddamaged buildings in each cell of a regular grid, including populations, roads, hospitals, collection area, etc.…”