The acoustic properties of latex foam made from deproteinized natural rubber latex and epoxidized natural rubber latex

Ramli, Roslim; Chai, Ai Bao; Kamaruddin, Shamsul; Ho, Jee-Hou; Rasdi, Fatimah Rubaizah Mohd; Focatiis, Davide S.A. De

doi:10.1007/s42464-022-00178-z

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Traditionally, carbon black (CB) has been used as a reinforcing filler in NR foams 6 . Rubber foams are commonly used in several industries such as automotive, construction and footwear, especially for applications requiring cushioning, insulation or vibration dampening 7–9 . The production of CB, as a petroleum‐based material, requires a high amount of energy leading to environmental issues and costs 10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 Rubber foams are commonly used in several industries such as automotive, construction and footwear, especially for applications requiring cushioning, insulation or vibration dampening. [7][8][9] 9 The production of CB, as a petroleum-based material, requires a high amount of energy leading to environmental issues and costs. 10 Recently, due to increasing concern about the environmental impact of CB, researchers have shown great interest in using silica nanoparticles as a sustainable alternative to CB.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recycled silica as a renewable and sustainable alternative to carbon black in natural rubber foams

Rostami‐Tapeh‐Esmaeil

Kazemi

Ahmad

et al. 2023

Polymer International

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Sustainable natural rubber foams were prepared by replacing petroleum‐based carbon black (CB) with recycled silica (SiO2) nanoparticles. The total nanofiller concentration was fixed at 40 phr, while the CB/silica ratio was changed from 40/0 to 0/40. The results showed that increasing the silica content increased the curing characteristics, such as delta torque (ΔM) by 54%, scorch time (ts) by 50% and optimum curing time (t90) by 65%. But foams based on a hybrid system (20/20) produced a more homogeneous structure improving the cell nucleation step and leading to the smallest cell size (18 μm) and highest cell density (8.8 × 103 cells mm−3) due to reduced filler−filler interactions and better particle dispersion. This improved cellular morphology generated superior mechanical and thermal insulation performance, including the highest compression modulus (2.7 MPa), compressive strength (1.9 MPa) and recoverability (96.6%) combined with the lowest thermal conductivity (0.114 W m−1 K−1) at a density of 0.652 g cm−3. Nevertheless, the foam with 40 phr silica showed higher compressive modulus (26%) and compression strength (15%) compared to the reference sample having 40 phr CB, mainly due to its higher crosslink density. As a final comparison, the recycled silica, being a suitable and sustainable alternative to petroleum‐based CB, showed superior mechanical and thermal insulation properties compared to a commercial grade of silica for natural rubber foams. © 2023 The Authors. Polymer International published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Industrial Chemistry.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%