“…Arunachalam, Dilla, Shelley, & Chan, 1998;Lewicki et al, 1992;Raiffa et al, 2002;Sebenius, 1992). Parties showed the fixed-pie error along the negotiation process, which, as predicted, had an effect on the perception of fairness (e.g., Mumpower, Sheffield, Darling, & Miller, 2004;Patton & Balakrishnan, 2010;Thompson & Hastie, 1990;Thompson & Loewenstein, 1992). Thus, the TPDI's action in the case study involved framing techniques to de-bias negotiators.…”