The accessibility of the term “contempt” and the meaning of the unilateral lip curl

Wagner, Hugh

doi:10.1080/02699930050117675

Cited by 56 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Fourth, the use of a forced choice answering format in which participants are provided with a list of emotion labels and must choose one of them, may raise certain methodological problems (Wagner, 2000). We have to be aware that contempt was an additional emotion which was actually never shown, but offered as a response option, which facilitates response biases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Morphed emotional faces: Emotion detection and misinterpretation in social anxiety

Heuer¹,

Lange²,

Isaac³

et al. 2010

Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Morphed emotional faces: Emotion detection and misinterpretation in social anxiety

Heuer¹,

Lange²,

Isaac³

et al. 2010

Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry

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“…Contempt is an emotion with some peculiar characteristics. It is an interpersonal emotion by which one shows a feeling of superiority over another person, who is considered negatively (Izard, 1977; Ekman, 1994, 1999; Rozin et al ., 1999; Wagner, 2000). It has a distinct asymmetric facial expression (see for a review Izard & Haynes, 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preferential responses in amygdala and insula during presentation of facial contempt and disgust

Sambataro

Dimalta

Giorgio

et al. 2006

Eur J of Neuroscience

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Some authors consider contempt to be a basic emotion while others consider it a variant of disgust. The neural correlates of contempt have not so far been specifically contrasted with disgust. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we investigated the neural networks involved in the processing of facial contempt and disgust in 24 healthy subjects. Facial recognition of contempt was lower than that of disgust and of neutral faces. The imaging data indicated significant activity in the amygdala and in globus pallidus and putamen during processing of contemptuous faces. Bilateral insula and caudate nuclei and left as well as right inferior frontal gyrus were engaged during processing of disgusted faces. Moreover, direct comparisons of contempt vs. disgust yielded significantly different activations in the amygdala. On the other hand, disgusted faces elicited greater activation than contemptuous faces in the right insula and caudate. Our findings suggest preferential involvement of different neural substrates in the processing of facial emotional expressions of contempt and disgust.

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“…At the time of this writing, using “contempt” as a keyword on psycinfo generated only 162 records, with most of these publications in journals of marketing, communication, and other types of applied psychology. In the social-personality literature, controversy persists regarding what typically elicits contempt (e.g., see Rozin, Lowery, Imada, & Haidt, 1999, vs. Hutcherson & Gross, 2011), the word itself is poorly understood (Wagner, 2000), and its non-verbal expression is unreliably recognized (Rosenberg & Ekman, 1995). These factors may frustrate contempt as an object of research.…”

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confidence: 99%

Dispositional contempt: A first look at the contemptuous person.

Schriber¹,

Chung²,

Sorensen³

et al. 2017

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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Contempt is a powerful emotion. Marriages fail (Gottman, 1994), coworkers are shamed (Melwani & Barsade, 2011), terrorism is tended toward (Tausch et al., 2011). Despite its importance, contempt has not been investigated at the level of personality. The present research examines how our contemptuous reactions can be conceptualized and measured as a stable individual-difference variable with a range of theoretically predicted correlates. First, we introduce a measure of dispositional contempt, the tendency to look down on, distance, and derogate others who violate our standards. We then unpack the dynamics of dispositional contempt. Across six studies using self-report and emotion elicitation in student and MTurk samples (Ns = 165 to 1,368), we examined its (1) nomological network, (2) personality and behavioral correlates, and (3) implications for relationship functioning. Dispositional contempt was distinguished from tendencies toward related emotions and was most associated with dispositional envy, anger, and hubristic pride. Somewhat paradoxically, dispositional contempt was related to being cold and “superior,” with associations found with narcissism, other-oriented perfectionism, and various antisocial tendencies (e.g., Disagreeableness, Machiavellianism, racism), but was also related to being self-deprecating and emotionally fragile, with associations found with low self-esteem, insecure attachment, and feeling that others impose perfectionistic standards on oneself. Dispositional contempt predicted contemptuous reactions to eliciting film clips, particularly when targets showed low competence/power. Finally, perceiving one’s romantic partner as dispositionally contemptuous was associated with lower commitment and satisfaction. Taken together, results give a first look at the contemptuous person and provide a new organizing framework for understanding contempt.

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The accessibility of the term “contempt” and the meaning of the unilateral lip curl

Cited by 56 publications

References 21 publications

Morphed emotional faces: Emotion detection and misinterpretation in social anxiety

Morphed emotional faces: Emotion detection and misinterpretation in social anxiety

Preferential responses in amygdala and insula during presentation of facial contempt and disgust

Dispositional contempt: A first look at the contemptuous person.

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