The absorption of carbon dioxide by liquid drops

Abstract

The process of absorption of pure carbon dioxide by individual drops of water has been studied. It has been shown that, contrary to the assumption of previous workers, the rate of gas absorption of a drop during the period of formation may be very high, especially when the time of formation is short. This is due to the turbulence produced within the drop by the injection of the supply jet, which reduces the resistance to diffusion at the surface of the drop. The absorption coefficient of drops during formation has been shown to be inversely proportional to a function of the time of formation, and directly proportional to the ‘degree of turbulence,’ a concept which can be expressed in terms of orifice dimensions. The influence of the ‘degree of turbulence’ on the magnitude of the overall absorption coeficients used in chemical engineering computations is discussed.

Mass transfer in drops under conditions that promote oscillation and internal circulation

“…One would expect that transport rates would be enhanced if a greater contacting area and/or bulk transport within the drop occurred. Various observers have confirmed this result in cases where deformation of the drop occurred or where internal circulation existed ( 4 , 7, 9,10,14,16,18,19,20…”

“…The rate of change of Concentration via the circulation mechanism may be determined either experimentally or through some hypothesis such as that expressed in Equation (9). Because of the necessity for the treatment of experimental data as well as known mathematical relationships, it is convenient to evaluate effective diffusivity by a difference approximation.…”

“…For mass transfer through a plane (F) (9) Instantaneous effective diffusivity can be defined as that which would account for the same rate of change of concentration by the mechanism of stagnant diffusion alone as that rate resulting from the circulation (plus diffusion) mechanism. The rate of change of Concentration via the circulation mechanism may be determined either experimentally or through some hypothesis such as that expressed in Equation (9).…”

“…(Note: Subsequent work still in progress indicates that there is good physical reason to use a film theory or boundary-layer approach in this situation.) Equations (4) through (9) represent the steps in application of film theory to the unsteady state transfer into a sphere.…”

Stability analysis of interfacial circulation on a static liquid drop with forced internal circulation

“…The driving force is at its maximum in this stage, and it has been found that as much as 10 -50 % (20,49,50) of the total transfer occurs during this period. However, the study of fluid motion during drop formation is more difficult than corresponding studies for falling drops, both theoretically and experimentally.…”